How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March
Allergic diseases consist of improper inflammatory reactions to antigens and are currently an important healthcare concern, especially considering their increasing worldwide development in recent decades. The “atopic march” defines the paradigm of allergic diseases occurring in chronological order a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1483 |
| _version_ | 1797441221023498240 |
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| author | Camille Jacques Ilaria Floris |
| author_facet | Camille Jacques Ilaria Floris |
| author_sort | Camille Jacques |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Allergic diseases consist of improper inflammatory reactions to antigens and are currently an important healthcare concern, especially considering their increasing worldwide development in recent decades. The “atopic march” defines the paradigm of allergic diseases occurring in chronological order and displaying specific spatial manifestations, as they usually start as atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergies during infancy and progressively evolve into allergic asthma (AA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) or rhino-conjunctivitis in childhood. Many immune cell subtypes and inflammatory factors are involved in these hypersensitivity reactions. In particular, the T helpers 2 (Th2) subset, through its cytokine signatures made of interleukins (ILs), such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, as well as mast cells and their related histamine pathways, contribute greatly to the perpetuation and evolution of the atopic march. By providing low doses (LD) and ultra-low doses (ULD) of ILs and immune factors to the body, micro-immunotherapy (MI) constitutes an interesting therapeutic strategy for the management of the atopic march and its symptoms. One of the aims of this review is to shed light on the current concept of the atopic march and the underlying immune reactions occurring during the IgE-mediated responses. Moreover, the different classes of traditional and innovative treatments employed in allergic diseases will also be discussed, with a special emphasis on the potential benefits of the MI medicine 2LALERG<sup>®</sup> formulation in this context. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:20:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c09dba985b3446aa7ebc6fd9d70d59e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:20:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c09dba985b3446aa7ebc6fd9d70d59e2023-11-30T22:41:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-01-01242148310.3390/ijms24021483How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic MarchCamille Jacques0Ilaria Floris1Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant sur Sevre, FrancePreclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant sur Sevre, FranceAllergic diseases consist of improper inflammatory reactions to antigens and are currently an important healthcare concern, especially considering their increasing worldwide development in recent decades. The “atopic march” defines the paradigm of allergic diseases occurring in chronological order and displaying specific spatial manifestations, as they usually start as atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergies during infancy and progressively evolve into allergic asthma (AA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) or rhino-conjunctivitis in childhood. Many immune cell subtypes and inflammatory factors are involved in these hypersensitivity reactions. In particular, the T helpers 2 (Th2) subset, through its cytokine signatures made of interleukins (ILs), such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, as well as mast cells and their related histamine pathways, contribute greatly to the perpetuation and evolution of the atopic march. By providing low doses (LD) and ultra-low doses (ULD) of ILs and immune factors to the body, micro-immunotherapy (MI) constitutes an interesting therapeutic strategy for the management of the atopic march and its symptoms. One of the aims of this review is to shed light on the current concept of the atopic march and the underlying immune reactions occurring during the IgE-mediated responses. Moreover, the different classes of traditional and innovative treatments employed in allergic diseases will also be discussed, with a special emphasis on the potential benefits of the MI medicine 2LALERG<sup>®</sup> formulation in this context.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1483atopic marchallergen immunotherapycytokinesultra-low dosesmicro-immunotherapyatopic dermatitis |
| spellingShingle | Camille Jacques Ilaria Floris How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March International Journal of Molecular Sciences atopic march allergen immunotherapy cytokines ultra-low doses micro-immunotherapy atopic dermatitis |
| title | How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March |
| title_full | How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March |
| title_fullStr | How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March |
| title_full_unstemmed | How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March |
| title_short | How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March |
| title_sort | how an immune factor based formulation of micro immunotherapy could interfere with the physiological processes involved in the atopic march |
| topic | atopic march allergen immunotherapy cytokines ultra-low doses micro-immunotherapy atopic dermatitis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1483 |
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