Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae)
Molecular studies have improved our knowledge on the neotropical ichthyofauna. DNA barcoding has successfully been used in fish species identification and in detecting cryptic diversity. Megaleporinus (Anostomidae) is a recently described freshwater fish genus within which taxonomic uncertainties re...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2017.00149/full |
| _version_ | 1818066376711995392 |
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| author | Jorge L. Ramirez Jose L. Birindelli Daniel C. Carvalho Paulo R. A. M. Affonso Paulo C. Venere Hernán Ortega Mauricio Carrillo-Avila José A. Rodríguez-Pulido Pedro M. Galetti |
| author_facet | Jorge L. Ramirez Jose L. Birindelli Daniel C. Carvalho Paulo R. A. M. Affonso Paulo C. Venere Hernán Ortega Mauricio Carrillo-Avila José A. Rodríguez-Pulido Pedro M. Galetti |
| author_sort | Jorge L. Ramirez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Molecular studies have improved our knowledge on the neotropical ichthyofauna. DNA barcoding has successfully been used in fish species identification and in detecting cryptic diversity. Megaleporinus (Anostomidae) is a recently described freshwater fish genus within which taxonomic uncertainties remain. Here we assessed all nominal species of this genus using a DNA barcode approach (Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I) with a broad sampling to generate a reference library, characterize new molecular lineages, and test the hypothesis that some of the nominal species represent species complexes. The analyses identified 16 (ABGD and BIN) to 18 (ABGD, GMYC, and PTP) different molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) within the 10 studied nominal species, indicating cryptic biodiversity and potential candidate species. Only Megaleporinus brinco, Megaleporinus garmani, and Megaleporinus elongatus showed correspondence between nominal species and MOTUs. Within six nominal species, a subdivision in two MOTUs was found, while Megaleporinus obtusidens was divided in three MOTUs, suggesting that DNA barcode is a very useful approach to identify the molecular lineages of Megaleporinus, even in the case of recent divergence (< 0.5 Ma). Our results thus provided molecular findings that can be used along with morphological traits to better define each species, including candidate new species. This is the most complete analysis of DNA barcode in this recently described genus, and considering its economic value, a precise species identification is quite desirable and fundamental for conservation of the whole biodiversity of this fish. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:06:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c0f45dec53840ad809e420bd4f2d632 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:06:48Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c0f45dec53840ad809e420bd4f2d6322022-12-22T01:44:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212017-10-01810.3389/fgene.2017.00149293126Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae)Jorge L. Ramirez0Jose L. Birindelli1Daniel C. Carvalho2Paulo R. A. M. Affonso3Paulo C. Venere4Hernán Ortega5Mauricio Carrillo-Avila6José A. Rodríguez-Pulido7Pedro M. Galetti8Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilDepartamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, BrazilLaboratório de Genética da Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Vertebrados, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, BrazilDepartamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BrazilDepartamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, BrazilDepartamento de Ictiología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PeruFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Surcolombiana, Huila, ColombiaGrupo de Investigación en Genética y Reproducción Animal, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, ColombiaLaboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilMolecular studies have improved our knowledge on the neotropical ichthyofauna. DNA barcoding has successfully been used in fish species identification and in detecting cryptic diversity. Megaleporinus (Anostomidae) is a recently described freshwater fish genus within which taxonomic uncertainties remain. Here we assessed all nominal species of this genus using a DNA barcode approach (Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I) with a broad sampling to generate a reference library, characterize new molecular lineages, and test the hypothesis that some of the nominal species represent species complexes. The analyses identified 16 (ABGD and BIN) to 18 (ABGD, GMYC, and PTP) different molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) within the 10 studied nominal species, indicating cryptic biodiversity and potential candidate species. Only Megaleporinus brinco, Megaleporinus garmani, and Megaleporinus elongatus showed correspondence between nominal species and MOTUs. Within six nominal species, a subdivision in two MOTUs was found, while Megaleporinus obtusidens was divided in three MOTUs, suggesting that DNA barcode is a very useful approach to identify the molecular lineages of Megaleporinus, even in the case of recent divergence (< 0.5 Ma). Our results thus provided molecular findings that can be used along with morphological traits to better define each species, including candidate new species. This is the most complete analysis of DNA barcode in this recently described genus, and considering its economic value, a precise species identification is quite desirable and fundamental for conservation of the whole biodiversity of this fish.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2017.00149/fullcryptic speciesfreshwater fishesallopatric speciationSouth American basinscytochrome oxidase subunit I |
| spellingShingle | Jorge L. Ramirez Jose L. Birindelli Daniel C. Carvalho Paulo R. A. M. Affonso Paulo C. Venere Hernán Ortega Mauricio Carrillo-Avila José A. Rodríguez-Pulido Pedro M. Galetti Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) Frontiers in Genetics cryptic species freshwater fishes allopatric speciation South American basins cytochrome oxidase subunit I |
| title | Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) |
| title_full | Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) |
| title_fullStr | Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) |
| title_short | Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) |
| title_sort | revealing hidden diversity of the underestimated neotropical ichthyofauna dna barcoding in the recently described genus megaleporinus characiformes anostomidae |
| topic | cryptic species freshwater fishes allopatric speciation South American basins cytochrome oxidase subunit I |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2017.00149/full |
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