Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular Physiology
Among the new molecular tools available to scientists and engineers, some of the most useful include fluorescently tagged biomolecules. Tools, such as green fluorescence protein (GFP), have been applied to perform semi-quantitative studies on biological signal transduction and cellular structural dy...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1913 |
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| author | Ning Cai Alvin Chi-Keung Lai Kin Liao Peter R. Corridon David J. Graves Vincent Chan |
| author_facet | Ning Cai Alvin Chi-Keung Lai Kin Liao Peter R. Corridon David J. Graves Vincent Chan |
| author_sort | Ning Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among the new molecular tools available to scientists and engineers, some of the most useful include fluorescently tagged biomolecules. Tools, such as green fluorescence protein (GFP), have been applied to perform semi-quantitative studies on biological signal transduction and cellular structural dynamics involved in the physiology of healthy and disease states. Such studies focus on drug pharmacokinetics, receptor-mediated endocytosis, nuclear mechanobiology, viral infections, and cancer metastasis. In 1976, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), which involves the monitoring of fluorescence emission recovery within a photobleached spot, was developed. FRAP allowed investigators to probe two-dimensional (2D) diffusion of fluorescently-labelled biomolecules. Since then, FRAP has been refined through the advancements of optics, charged-coupled-device (CCD) cameras, confocal microscopes, and molecular probes. FRAP is now a highly quantitative tool used for transport and kinetic studies in the cytosol, organelles, and membrane of a cell. In this work, the authors intend to provide a review of recent advances in FRAP. The authors include epifluorescence spot FRAP, total internal reflection (TIR)/FRAP, and confocal microscope-based FRAP. The underlying mathematical models are also described. Finally, our understanding of coupled transport and kinetics as determined by FRAP will be discussed and the potential for future advances suggested. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:45:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c2315b2c37143fab712b280d35ddde2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:45:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c2315b2c37143fab712b280d35ddde22023-11-23T09:08:09ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-05-01149191310.3390/polym14091913Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular PhysiologyNing Cai0Alvin Chi-Keung Lai1Kin Liao2Peter R. Corridon3David J. Graves4Vincent Chan5Wuhan Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan 430073, ChinaDepartment of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Physiology and Immunology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab EmiratesAmong the new molecular tools available to scientists and engineers, some of the most useful include fluorescently tagged biomolecules. Tools, such as green fluorescence protein (GFP), have been applied to perform semi-quantitative studies on biological signal transduction and cellular structural dynamics involved in the physiology of healthy and disease states. Such studies focus on drug pharmacokinetics, receptor-mediated endocytosis, nuclear mechanobiology, viral infections, and cancer metastasis. In 1976, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), which involves the monitoring of fluorescence emission recovery within a photobleached spot, was developed. FRAP allowed investigators to probe two-dimensional (2D) diffusion of fluorescently-labelled biomolecules. Since then, FRAP has been refined through the advancements of optics, charged-coupled-device (CCD) cameras, confocal microscopes, and molecular probes. FRAP is now a highly quantitative tool used for transport and kinetic studies in the cytosol, organelles, and membrane of a cell. In this work, the authors intend to provide a review of recent advances in FRAP. The authors include epifluorescence spot FRAP, total internal reflection (TIR)/FRAP, and confocal microscope-based FRAP. The underlying mathematical models are also described. Finally, our understanding of coupled transport and kinetics as determined by FRAP will be discussed and the potential for future advances suggested.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1913fluorescence recovery after photobleachingbiomoleculespolymerstransportreactionbio-interfaces |
| spellingShingle | Ning Cai Alvin Chi-Keung Lai Kin Liao Peter R. Corridon David J. Graves Vincent Chan Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular Physiology Polymers fluorescence recovery after photobleaching biomolecules polymers transport reaction bio-interfaces |
| title | Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular Physiology |
| title_full | Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular Physiology |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular Physiology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular Physiology |
| title_short | Recent Advances in Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching for Decoupling Transport and Kinetics of Biomacromolecules in Cellular Physiology |
| title_sort | recent advances in fluorescence recovery after photobleaching for decoupling transport and kinetics of biomacromolecules in cellular physiology |
| topic | fluorescence recovery after photobleaching biomolecules polymers transport reaction bio-interfaces |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1913 |
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