Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference Process
The generation of graphene surface plasmons (SPs) by a frequency-difference nonlinear (NL) process caused by the interaction of two optical beams was experimentally demonstrated several years ago by measuring the differential reflectance of the probe beam. However, the understanding of these results...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/23/12376 |
| _version_ | 1797463552303300608 |
|---|---|
| author | Rui Dias José C. Viana Gomes Mikhail I. Vasilevskiy |
| author_facet | Rui Dias José C. Viana Gomes Mikhail I. Vasilevskiy |
| author_sort | Rui Dias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The generation of graphene surface plasmons (SPs) by a frequency-difference nonlinear (NL) process caused by the interaction of two optical beams was experimentally demonstrated several years ago by measuring the differential reflectance of the probe beam. However, the understanding of these results requires much larger second-order optical conductivities of graphene than calculations performed so far can yield. In this work, we carefully calculate the relevant NL conductivities and show that, indeed, the experimental observations of the differential reflectance must have originated from physical processes beyond the coherent frequency-difference generation of SPs described by the density-matrix perturbation theory approach, presumably by hot-electron effects. We also suggest an alternative way of detecting optically generated SPs, which can be feasible at lower powers of the optical pulses. Such additional experiments are expected to help understand the remaining discrepancy between the theory and the existing experimental data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:52:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c2a8792774f4feaaddb0217ab5774b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:52:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c2a8792774f4feaaddb0217ab5774b82023-11-24T10:35:30ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-12-0112231237610.3390/app122312376Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference ProcessRui Dias0José C. Viana Gomes1Mikhail I. Vasilevskiy2Centre of Physics—CF-UM-UP and Laboratório de Física para Materiais e Tecnologias Emergentes (LaPMET), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-374 Braga, PortugalDepartment of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-374 Braga, PortugalDepartment of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-374 Braga, PortugalThe generation of graphene surface plasmons (SPs) by a frequency-difference nonlinear (NL) process caused by the interaction of two optical beams was experimentally demonstrated several years ago by measuring the differential reflectance of the probe beam. However, the understanding of these results requires much larger second-order optical conductivities of graphene than calculations performed so far can yield. In this work, we carefully calculate the relevant NL conductivities and show that, indeed, the experimental observations of the differential reflectance must have originated from physical processes beyond the coherent frequency-difference generation of SPs described by the density-matrix perturbation theory approach, presumably by hot-electron effects. We also suggest an alternative way of detecting optically generated SPs, which can be feasible at lower powers of the optical pulses. Such additional experiments are expected to help understand the remaining discrepancy between the theory and the existing experimental data.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/23/12376graphenelight–matter interactionsurface plasmonnonlinear conductivity |
| spellingShingle | Rui Dias José C. Viana Gomes Mikhail I. Vasilevskiy Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference Process Applied Sciences graphene light–matter interaction surface plasmon nonlinear conductivity |
| title | Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference Process |
| title_full | Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference Process |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference Process |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference Process |
| title_short | Analysis of All-Optical Generation of Graphene Surface Plasmons by a Frequency-Difference Process |
| title_sort | analysis of all optical generation of graphene surface plasmons by a frequency difference process |
| topic | graphene light–matter interaction surface plasmon nonlinear conductivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/23/12376 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ruidias analysisofallopticalgenerationofgraphenesurfaceplasmonsbyafrequencydifferenceprocess AT josecvianagomes analysisofallopticalgenerationofgraphenesurfaceplasmonsbyafrequencydifferenceprocess AT mikhailivasilevskiy analysisofallopticalgenerationofgraphenesurfaceplasmonsbyafrequencydifferenceprocess |