Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India)
IntroductionUnder a changing climate, the fragile ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (EH) are persistently challenged by prolonged dry spells and erratic rainfall. Identification of suitable high-yielding crops with higher moisture stress tolerance and adaptability is paramount for the region. Alth...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1190807/full |
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| author | Krishnappa Rangappa Dipjyoti Rajkhowa Jayanta Layek Anup Das Uday Sankar Saikia Kaberi Mahanta Anjan Kumar Sarma Prabha Moirangthem Vinay Kumar Mishra Nishant Anandrao Deshmukh Namrata Rajbonshi Basant K. Kandpal |
| author_facet | Krishnappa Rangappa Dipjyoti Rajkhowa Jayanta Layek Anup Das Uday Sankar Saikia Kaberi Mahanta Anjan Kumar Sarma Prabha Moirangthem Vinay Kumar Mishra Nishant Anandrao Deshmukh Namrata Rajbonshi Basant K. Kandpal |
| author_sort | Krishnappa Rangappa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionUnder a changing climate, the fragile ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (EH) are persistently challenged by prolonged dry spells and erratic rainfall. Identification of suitable high-yielding crops with higher moisture stress tolerance and adaptability is paramount for the region. Although the region received a good amount of rainfall in the rainy season, the winter months, viz., November to March, rarely received any rain. Even within the rainy season, there are several intermittent drought spells that hinder crop productivity.MethodsThe present study has used field and microcosm experiments to assess the year-round cultivation potential and extent of moisture stress tolerance in the lesser-known buckwheat crop of the region.Results and discussionSowing of buckwheat from mid-September to mid-December produced better grain yield, the highest being when sowing in October (9.83 q ha−1) and the crop was found suitable to grow all through the year for higher green biomass (12.6–38.4 q ha−1). The moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat was significantly enhanced by increased total root length and root surface area by 12.4 and 34.7%, respectively. Increased photo-protective carotenoids, chlorophyll b, and favorable stomatal attributes with substantial epicuticular wax have significantly improved the moisture stress tolerance of Buckwheat. In addition, leaf proline was found 25.4% higher and total soluble protein, reducing sugar, and cell membrane stability were found 29.2, 38.1, and 36.5% lower compared to the control, respectively. A significantly lower rate of water loss (25.6%) with its stomatal and non-stomatal adaptations and versatile pollen structural traits under moisture stress over control, make the buckwheat crop potentially more stress tolerant and economical crop for EH of India. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:30:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c350b0a7be44075bdfba6c700a49227 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-581X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:30:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c350b0a7be44075bdfba6c700a492272023-09-27T09:36:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2023-09-01710.3389/fsufs.2023.11908071190807Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India)Krishnappa Rangappa0Dipjyoti Rajkhowa1Jayanta Layek2Anup Das3Uday Sankar Saikia4Kaberi Mahanta5Anjan Kumar Sarma6Prabha Moirangthem7Vinay Kumar Mishra8Nishant Anandrao Deshmukh9Namrata Rajbonshi10Basant K. Kandpal11ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaAssam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, IndiaIntroductionUnder a changing climate, the fragile ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (EH) are persistently challenged by prolonged dry spells and erratic rainfall. Identification of suitable high-yielding crops with higher moisture stress tolerance and adaptability is paramount for the region. Although the region received a good amount of rainfall in the rainy season, the winter months, viz., November to March, rarely received any rain. Even within the rainy season, there are several intermittent drought spells that hinder crop productivity.MethodsThe present study has used field and microcosm experiments to assess the year-round cultivation potential and extent of moisture stress tolerance in the lesser-known buckwheat crop of the region.Results and discussionSowing of buckwheat from mid-September to mid-December produced better grain yield, the highest being when sowing in October (9.83 q ha−1) and the crop was found suitable to grow all through the year for higher green biomass (12.6–38.4 q ha−1). The moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat was significantly enhanced by increased total root length and root surface area by 12.4 and 34.7%, respectively. Increased photo-protective carotenoids, chlorophyll b, and favorable stomatal attributes with substantial epicuticular wax have significantly improved the moisture stress tolerance of Buckwheat. In addition, leaf proline was found 25.4% higher and total soluble protein, reducing sugar, and cell membrane stability were found 29.2, 38.1, and 36.5% lower compared to the control, respectively. A significantly lower rate of water loss (25.6%) with its stomatal and non-stomatal adaptations and versatile pollen structural traits under moisture stress over control, make the buckwheat crop potentially more stress tolerant and economical crop for EH of India.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1190807/fullbuckwheatepicuticular waxhill ecosystemmoisture stressroot morphologystomatal characters |
| spellingShingle | Krishnappa Rangappa Dipjyoti Rajkhowa Jayanta Layek Anup Das Uday Sankar Saikia Kaberi Mahanta Anjan Kumar Sarma Prabha Moirangthem Vinay Kumar Mishra Nishant Anandrao Deshmukh Namrata Rajbonshi Basant K. Kandpal Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India) Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems buckwheat epicuticular wax hill ecosystem moisture stress root morphology stomatal characters |
| title | Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India) |
| title_full | Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India) |
| title_fullStr | Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India) |
| title_short | Year-round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.) under fragile hill ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayas (India) |
| title_sort | year round growth potential and moisture stress tolerance of buckwheat fagopyrum esculentum l under fragile hill ecosystems of the eastern himalayas india |
| topic | buckwheat epicuticular wax hill ecosystem moisture stress root morphology stomatal characters |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1190807/full |
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