The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma
Prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is calculated using the albumin level reflecting nutritional status and lymphocyte count reflecting immune status, is useful in showing nutritional and immunological status related to survival and prognosis in many cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluat...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5434 |
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| author | Halil Ibrahim Ellez Merve Keskinkilic Hüseyin Salih Semiz Mehmet Emin Arayici Erdem Kısa Ilhan Oztop |
| author_facet | Halil Ibrahim Ellez Merve Keskinkilic Hüseyin Salih Semiz Mehmet Emin Arayici Erdem Kısa Ilhan Oztop |
| author_sort | Halil Ibrahim Ellez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is calculated using the albumin level reflecting nutritional status and lymphocyte count reflecting immune status, is useful in showing nutritional and immunological status related to survival and prognosis in many cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the biomarker potential and effect of PNI in determining the prognosis of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). This retrospective observational study included the complete data of 108 patients with mCPSC who were treated for at least three months between 1 January 2010, and 1 June 2021. The relationships between cancer-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and PNI were evaluated. The Kaplan–Meier method for OS, PFS, and CSS, as well as univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, were used for the statistical analyses. The median age of 108 patients included in the study was 68.54 (61.05–74.19) years. A value of 49.75 was determined to be the best cut-off point for the PNI. OS (months) was found to be significantly lower in patients with low PNI (median: 34.93, 95% CI: 21.52–48.34) than in patients with high PNI (median: 65.60, 95% CI: 39.36–91.83) (<i>p</i> = 0.016). Patients with high PNI (median: 48.20, 95% CI: 34.66–61.73) had significantly better CSS (months) than patients with low PNI (median: 27.86, 95% CI: 24.16–31.57) (<i>p</i> = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in PFS between patients with high PNI values (median: 24.60, 95% CI: 10.15–39.05) and patients with low PNI values (median: 20.03, 95% CI: 11.06–29.03) (<i>p</i> = 0.092). The PNI is a good predictor of OS and CSS in patients with mCSPC. The prediction of PFS, albeit showing a trend towards significance, was not statistically significant, probably due to the small number of cases. |
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| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:20:32Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7c36b8c7a2cf426c844a51cd484308c72023-11-19T08:20:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-08-011217543410.3390/jcm12175434The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate CarcinomaHalil Ibrahim Ellez0Merve Keskinkilic1Hüseyin Salih Semiz2Mehmet Emin Arayici3Erdem Kısa4Ilhan Oztop5Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35340, TürkiyeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35340, TürkiyeInstitute of Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35340, TürkiyeInstitute of Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35340, TürkiyeDepartment of Urology, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Izmir 35180, TürkiyeInstitute of Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35340, TürkiyePrognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is calculated using the albumin level reflecting nutritional status and lymphocyte count reflecting immune status, is useful in showing nutritional and immunological status related to survival and prognosis in many cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the biomarker potential and effect of PNI in determining the prognosis of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). This retrospective observational study included the complete data of 108 patients with mCPSC who were treated for at least three months between 1 January 2010, and 1 June 2021. The relationships between cancer-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and PNI were evaluated. The Kaplan–Meier method for OS, PFS, and CSS, as well as univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, were used for the statistical analyses. The median age of 108 patients included in the study was 68.54 (61.05–74.19) years. A value of 49.75 was determined to be the best cut-off point for the PNI. OS (months) was found to be significantly lower in patients with low PNI (median: 34.93, 95% CI: 21.52–48.34) than in patients with high PNI (median: 65.60, 95% CI: 39.36–91.83) (<i>p</i> = 0.016). Patients with high PNI (median: 48.20, 95% CI: 34.66–61.73) had significantly better CSS (months) than patients with low PNI (median: 27.86, 95% CI: 24.16–31.57) (<i>p</i> = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in PFS between patients with high PNI values (median: 24.60, 95% CI: 10.15–39.05) and patients with low PNI values (median: 20.03, 95% CI: 11.06–29.03) (<i>p</i> = 0.092). The PNI is a good predictor of OS and CSS in patients with mCSPC. The prediction of PFS, albeit showing a trend towards significance, was not statistically significant, probably due to the small number of cases.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5434prostate cancerprognostic nutritional indexinflammationprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Halil Ibrahim Ellez Merve Keskinkilic Hüseyin Salih Semiz Mehmet Emin Arayici Erdem Kısa Ilhan Oztop The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma Journal of Clinical Medicine prostate cancer prognostic nutritional index inflammation prognosis |
| title | The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma |
| title_full | The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma |
| title_short | The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI): A New Biomarker for Determining Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma |
| title_sort | prognostic nutritional index pni a new biomarker for determining prognosis in metastatic castration sensitive prostate carcinoma |
| topic | prostate cancer prognostic nutritional index inflammation prognosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/17/5434 |
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