Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have been gradually applied to green extraction of active ingredients. In this study, microwave-assisted NADESs were applied to the extraction of flavonoid compounds from perilla leaves. Through comparative experiments, NADES-3 (choline chloride and malic acid...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/104 |
| _version_ | 1797446831734521856 |
|---|---|
| author | Xianchao Shang Manman Zhang Jing Hu Yuqin Zhang Long Yang Xin Hou |
| author_facet | Xianchao Shang Manman Zhang Jing Hu Yuqin Zhang Long Yang Xin Hou |
| author_sort | Xianchao Shang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have been gradually applied to green extraction of active ingredients. In this study, microwave-assisted NADESs were applied to the extraction of flavonoid compounds from perilla leaves. Through comparative experiments, NADES-3 (choline chloride and malic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1) was found to have the highest extraction efficiency of total flavonoids, including apigenin 7-O-caffeoylglucoside, scutellarein 7-O-diglucuronide, luteolin 7-O-diglucuronide, and scutellarein 7-O-glucuronide by HPLC-MS. The following optimal extraction parameters were obtained based on response surface design: water content in NADES of 23%, extraction power of 410 W, extraction time of 31 min, and solid–liquid ratio of 75 mg/mL, leading to the extraction yield of total flavonoids of 72.54 mg/g. Additionally, the strong antimicrobial and antiallergic activity, inhibition of nitrosation, and antioxidant activity of total flavonoids by using NADESs were confirmed. This new extraction method provides a reference for the further exploration of NADES systems and may be widely used for the green extraction of natural active ingredients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:47:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c3b8563d1d94709bf3933fb79ddb3f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:47:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c3b8563d1d94709bf3933fb79ddb3f02023-11-30T20:58:22ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-12-0112110410.3390/antiox12010104Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic SolventsXianchao Shang0Manman Zhang1Jing Hu2Yuqin Zhang3Long Yang4Xin Hou5College of Plant Protection and Agricultural Big-Data Research Center, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaCitrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, ChinaWeihai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Weihai 264200, ChinaWeihai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Weihai 264200, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection and Agricultural Big-Data Research Center, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection and Agricultural Big-Data Research Center, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaNatural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have been gradually applied to green extraction of active ingredients. In this study, microwave-assisted NADESs were applied to the extraction of flavonoid compounds from perilla leaves. Through comparative experiments, NADES-3 (choline chloride and malic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1) was found to have the highest extraction efficiency of total flavonoids, including apigenin 7-O-caffeoylglucoside, scutellarein 7-O-diglucuronide, luteolin 7-O-diglucuronide, and scutellarein 7-O-glucuronide by HPLC-MS. The following optimal extraction parameters were obtained based on response surface design: water content in NADES of 23%, extraction power of 410 W, extraction time of 31 min, and solid–liquid ratio of 75 mg/mL, leading to the extraction yield of total flavonoids of 72.54 mg/g. Additionally, the strong antimicrobial and antiallergic activity, inhibition of nitrosation, and antioxidant activity of total flavonoids by using NADESs were confirmed. This new extraction method provides a reference for the further exploration of NADES systems and may be widely used for the green extraction of natural active ingredients.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/104<i>Perillae folium</i>natural deep eutectic solventsmicrowave-assisted extractionchemical compositionsantimicrobial activityresponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Xianchao Shang Manman Zhang Jing Hu Yuqin Zhang Long Yang Xin Hou Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Antioxidants <i>Perillae folium</i> natural deep eutectic solvents microwave-assisted extraction chemical compositions antimicrobial activity response surface methodology |
| title | Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents |
| title_full | Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents |
| title_short | Chemical Compositions, Extraction Optimizations, and In Vitro Bioactivities of Flavonoids from Perilla Leaves (<i>Perillae folium</i>) by Microwave-Assisted Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents |
| title_sort | chemical compositions extraction optimizations and in vitro bioactivities of flavonoids from perilla leaves i perillae folium i by microwave assisted natural deep eutectic solvents |
| topic | <i>Perillae folium</i> natural deep eutectic solvents microwave-assisted extraction chemical compositions antimicrobial activity response surface methodology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/104 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xianchaoshang chemicalcompositionsextractionoptimizationsandinvitrobioactivitiesofflavonoidsfromperillaleavesiperillaefoliumibymicrowaveassistednaturaldeepeutecticsolvents AT manmanzhang chemicalcompositionsextractionoptimizationsandinvitrobioactivitiesofflavonoidsfromperillaleavesiperillaefoliumibymicrowaveassistednaturaldeepeutecticsolvents AT jinghu chemicalcompositionsextractionoptimizationsandinvitrobioactivitiesofflavonoidsfromperillaleavesiperillaefoliumibymicrowaveassistednaturaldeepeutecticsolvents AT yuqinzhang chemicalcompositionsextractionoptimizationsandinvitrobioactivitiesofflavonoidsfromperillaleavesiperillaefoliumibymicrowaveassistednaturaldeepeutecticsolvents AT longyang chemicalcompositionsextractionoptimizationsandinvitrobioactivitiesofflavonoidsfromperillaleavesiperillaefoliumibymicrowaveassistednaturaldeepeutecticsolvents AT xinhou chemicalcompositionsextractionoptimizationsandinvitrobioactivitiesofflavonoidsfromperillaleavesiperillaefoliumibymicrowaveassistednaturaldeepeutecticsolvents |