Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven sound
This article presents the investigation of the wind-driven component of underwater ambient sound in the shallow brackish waters of the Baltic Sea. Natural sound levels are strongly correlated with the wind speed at high frequencies (â¥5 kHz). At frequencies above 5 kHz, a characteristic spectral lev...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Estonian Academy Publishers
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-1-2024-15-25_20240208122652.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797315594470555648 |
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| author | Muhammad Saladin Prawirasasra Mirko Mustonen Aleksander Klauson |
| author_facet | Muhammad Saladin Prawirasasra Mirko Mustonen Aleksander Klauson |
| author_sort | Muhammad Saladin Prawirasasra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents the investigation of the wind-driven component of underwater ambient sound in the shallow brackish waters of the Baltic Sea. Natural sound levels are strongly correlated with the wind speed at high frequencies (â¥5 kHz). At frequencies above 5 kHz, a characteristic spectral level decrease of 5 dB/octave was observed. Analysis of the data revealed that, for the same wind speed, the spectral levels are higher when the wind is blowing from a direction where the closest obstructing shore is farther away, i.e. the wind fetch is longer, which results in higher waves. This was especially noticeable in ambient sound recorded in a channel-like basin, where for the 8.5 m/s steady wind speed, the 5 kHz mean spectral level is 4 dB higher at the longer 152 km wind fetch versus the shorter 2.1 km wind fetch. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:05:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c6451c43d5d4793b297ac81b8040978 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1736-4728 1736-7557 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:05:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Estonian Academy Publishers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c6451c43d5d4793b297ac81b80409782024-02-13T09:09:32ZengEstonian Academy PublishersEstonian Journal of Earth Sciences1736-47281736-75572024-02-017311525https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2024.02https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2024.02Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven soundMuhammad Saladin Prawirasasra0Mirko Mustonen1Aleksander Klauson2Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), Ehitajate tee 5, 12616 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaThis article presents the investigation of the wind-driven component of underwater ambient sound in the shallow brackish waters of the Baltic Sea. Natural sound levels are strongly correlated with the wind speed at high frequencies (â¥5 kHz). At frequencies above 5 kHz, a characteristic spectral level decrease of 5 dB/octave was observed. Analysis of the data revealed that, for the same wind speed, the spectral levels are higher when the wind is blowing from a direction where the closest obstructing shore is farther away, i.e. the wind fetch is longer, which results in higher waves. This was especially noticeable in ambient sound recorded in a channel-like basin, where for the 8.5 m/s steady wind speed, the 5 kHz mean spectral level is 4 dB higher at the longer 152 km wind fetch versus the shorter 2.1 km wind fetch.https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-1-2024-15-25_20240208122652.pdfwind-driven soundshallow watersspectral levelswind fetch |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Saladin Prawirasasra Mirko Mustonen Aleksander Klauson Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven sound Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences wind-driven sound shallow waters spectral levels wind fetch |
| title | Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven sound |
| title_full | Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven sound |
| title_fullStr | Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven sound |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven sound |
| title_short | Wind fetch effect on underwater wind-driven sound |
| title_sort | wind fetch effect on underwater wind driven sound |
| topic | wind-driven sound shallow waters spectral levels wind fetch |
| url | https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-1-2024-15-25_20240208122652.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhammadsaladinprawirasasra windfetcheffectonunderwaterwinddrivensound AT mirkomustonen windfetcheffectonunderwaterwinddrivensound AT aleksanderklauson windfetcheffectonunderwaterwinddrivensound |