Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact
Abstract Social difficulties during interactions with others are central to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the links between these social difficulties and their underlying neural processes is a primary aim focused on improved diagnosis and treatment. In keeping with this goal, we have...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53942-z |
| _version_ | 1797275014395854848 |
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| author | Xian Zhang J. Adam Noah Rahul Singh James C. McPartland Joy Hirsch |
| author_facet | Xian Zhang J. Adam Noah Rahul Singh James C. McPartland Joy Hirsch |
| author_sort | Xian Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Social difficulties during interactions with others are central to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the links between these social difficulties and their underlying neural processes is a primary aim focused on improved diagnosis and treatment. In keeping with this goal, we have developed a multivariate classification method based on neural data acquired by functional near infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS, during live eye-to-eye contact with adults who were either typically developed (TD) or individuals with ASD. The ASD diagnosis was based on the gold-standard Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) which also provides an index of symptom severity. Using a nested cross-validation method, a support vector machine (SVM) was trained to discriminate between ASD and TD groups based on the neural responses during eye-to-eye contact. ADOS scores were not applied in the classification training. To test the hypothesis that SVM identifies neural activity patterns related to one of the neural mechanisms underlying the behavioral symptoms of ASD, we determined the correlation coefficient between the SVM scores and the individual ADOS scores. Consistent with the hypothesis, the correlation between observed and predicted ADOS scores was 0.72 (p < 0.002). Findings suggest that multivariate classification methods combined with the live interaction paradigm of eye-to-eye contact provide a promising approach to link neural processes and social difficulties in individuals with ASD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:08:16Z |
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| id | doaj.art-7c876da28b364d3a944b677b962cff85 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:08:16Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7c876da28b364d3a944b677b962cff852024-03-05T18:49:17ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-02-0114111210.1038/s41598-024-53942-zSupport vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contactXian Zhang0J. Adam Noah1Rahul Singh2James C. McPartland3Joy Hirsch4Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineBrain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineBrain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineYale Child Study CenterBrain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineAbstract Social difficulties during interactions with others are central to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the links between these social difficulties and their underlying neural processes is a primary aim focused on improved diagnosis and treatment. In keeping with this goal, we have developed a multivariate classification method based on neural data acquired by functional near infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS, during live eye-to-eye contact with adults who were either typically developed (TD) or individuals with ASD. The ASD diagnosis was based on the gold-standard Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) which also provides an index of symptom severity. Using a nested cross-validation method, a support vector machine (SVM) was trained to discriminate between ASD and TD groups based on the neural responses during eye-to-eye contact. ADOS scores were not applied in the classification training. To test the hypothesis that SVM identifies neural activity patterns related to one of the neural mechanisms underlying the behavioral symptoms of ASD, we determined the correlation coefficient between the SVM scores and the individual ADOS scores. Consistent with the hypothesis, the correlation between observed and predicted ADOS scores was 0.72 (p < 0.002). Findings suggest that multivariate classification methods combined with the live interaction paradigm of eye-to-eye contact provide a promising approach to link neural processes and social difficulties in individuals with ASD.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53942-zAutism spectrum disorder (ASD)Eye-to-eye contactNested cross-validationFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)Support vector machine (SVM)Biomarker |
| spellingShingle | Xian Zhang J. Adam Noah Rahul Singh James C. McPartland Joy Hirsch Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact Scientific Reports Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Eye-to-eye contact Nested cross-validation Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) Support vector machine (SVM) Biomarker |
| title | Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact |
| title_full | Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact |
| title_fullStr | Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact |
| title_full_unstemmed | Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact |
| title_short | Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact |
| title_sort | support vector machine prediction of individual autism diagnostic observation schedule ados scores based on neural responses during live eye to eye contact |
| topic | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Eye-to-eye contact Nested cross-validation Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) Support vector machine (SVM) Biomarker |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53942-z |
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