Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Dogs
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) can cause zoonotic toxoplasmosis worldwide. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been known as a novel effector mechanism against T. gondii infection in the innate system of humans, cats, and sheep. Dogs are the intermediate host of T. gondii, in which the use of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00429/full |
| _version_ | 1818839657690955776 |
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| author | Zhengkai Wei Zedong Wang Xiao Liu Chaoqun Wang Zhen Han Di Wu Yong Zhang Xichen Zhang Zhengtao Yang Quan Liu |
| author_facet | Zhengkai Wei Zedong Wang Xiao Liu Chaoqun Wang Zhen Han Di Wu Yong Zhang Xichen Zhang Zhengtao Yang Quan Liu |
| author_sort | Zhengkai Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) can cause zoonotic toxoplasmosis worldwide. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been known as a novel effector mechanism against T. gondii infection in the innate system of humans, cats, and sheep. Dogs are the intermediate host of T. gondii, in which the use of NETs against T. gondii infection remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to examine the effects of T. gondii on NETs release in dogs, and to further investigate the mechanism involved in the process. T. gondii-triggered NETs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence confocal microscopy, and the mechanism of T. gondii-triggered NETs release was determined by using inhibitors and a fluorometric reader. The results showed that T. gondii tachyzoites significantly triggered NETs-like structures, which consisted of DNA decorated with neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Further investigations revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-, NADPH oxidase-, Rac 1- or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-signaling pathways were relevant to T. gondii tachyzoites-triggered NETs release. Moreover, zymosan-triggered NETs release was strikingly degraded by T. gondii tachyzoites treatment, indicating that T. gondii may escape from the NETs-based capture strategy. Taken together, promoting NETs release is suggested to limit motility and evade infection of T. gondii in dogs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:57:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c91d62041304d1a8c0e105c4a427569 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:57:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c91d62041304d1a8c0e105c4a4275692022-12-21T20:36:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882020-09-011010.3389/fcimb.2020.00429560495Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in DogsZhengkai Wei0Zedong Wang1Xiao Liu2Chaoqun Wang3Zhen Han4Di Wu5Yong Zhang6Xichen Zhang7Zhengtao Yang8Quan Liu9College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, ChinaToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) can cause zoonotic toxoplasmosis worldwide. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been known as a novel effector mechanism against T. gondii infection in the innate system of humans, cats, and sheep. Dogs are the intermediate host of T. gondii, in which the use of NETs against T. gondii infection remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to examine the effects of T. gondii on NETs release in dogs, and to further investigate the mechanism involved in the process. T. gondii-triggered NETs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence confocal microscopy, and the mechanism of T. gondii-triggered NETs release was determined by using inhibitors and a fluorometric reader. The results showed that T. gondii tachyzoites significantly triggered NETs-like structures, which consisted of DNA decorated with neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Further investigations revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-, NADPH oxidase-, Rac 1- or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-signaling pathways were relevant to T. gondii tachyzoites-triggered NETs release. Moreover, zymosan-triggered NETs release was strikingly degraded by T. gondii tachyzoites treatment, indicating that T. gondii may escape from the NETs-based capture strategy. Taken together, promoting NETs release is suggested to limit motility and evade infection of T. gondii in dogs.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00429/fullToxoplasma gondiineutrophils extracellular trapsdogsRac1ROS |
| spellingShingle | Zhengkai Wei Zedong Wang Xiao Liu Chaoqun Wang Zhen Han Di Wu Yong Zhang Xichen Zhang Zhengtao Yang Quan Liu Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Dogs Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Toxoplasma gondii neutrophils extracellular traps dogs Rac1 ROS |
| title | Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Dogs |
| title_full | Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Dogs |
| title_fullStr | Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Dogs |
| title_short | Toxoplasma gondii Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release in Dogs |
| title_sort | toxoplasma gondii triggers neutrophil extracellular traps release in dogs |
| topic | Toxoplasma gondii neutrophils extracellular traps dogs Rac1 ROS |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00429/full |
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