Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort
Objectives Infant anthropometric growth varies across socioeconomic factors, including maternal education and income, and may serve as an indicator of environmental influences in early life with long-term health consequences. Previous research has identified sociodemographic gradients in growth with...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2020-06-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/6/e033695.full |
| _version_ | 1828977373622566912 |
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| author | Annie Green Howard Kari E North Estela Blanco Sheila Gahagan Betsy Lozoff Ann Von Holle Raquel A Burrows Anne Justice Misa Graff Venkata Saroja Voruganti |
| author_facet | Annie Green Howard Kari E North Estela Blanco Sheila Gahagan Betsy Lozoff Ann Von Holle Raquel A Burrows Anne Justice Misa Graff Venkata Saroja Voruganti |
| author_sort | Annie Green Howard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives Infant anthropometric growth varies across socioeconomic factors, including maternal education and income, and may serve as an indicator of environmental influences in early life with long-term health consequences. Previous research has identified sociodemographic gradients in growth with a focus on the first year and beyond, but estimates are sparse for growth before 6 months. Thus, our objective was to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and infant growth patterns between birth and 5 months of age.Design Prospective cohort study.Settings Low-income to middle-income neighbourhoods in Santiago, Chile (1991–1996).Participants 1412 participants from a randomised iron-deficiency anaemia preventive trial in healthy infants.Main outcome measures Longitudinal anthropometrics including monthly weight (kg), length (cm) and weight-for-length (WFL) values. For each measure, we estimated three individual-level growth parameters (size, timing and velocity) from SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation models. Size and timing changes represent vertical and horizontal growth curve shifts, respectively, and velocity change represents growth rate shifts. We estimated the linear association between growth parameters and gestational age, maternal age, education and socioeconomic position (SEP).Results Lower SEP was associated with a slower linear (length) velocity growth parameter (−0.22, 95% CI –0.31 to –0.13)—outcome units are per cent change in velocity from the average growth curve. Lower SEP was associated with later WFL growth timing as demonstrated through the tempo growth parameter for females (0.25, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.42)—outcome units are shifts in days from the average growth curve. We found no evidence of associations between SEP and the weight size, timing or velocity growth rate parameters.Conclusion Previous research on growth in older infants and children shows associations between lower SEP with slower length velocity. We found evidence supporting this association in the first 5 months of life, which may inform age-specific prevention efforts aimed at infant length growth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:55:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c92495ceb084945bc37f2e9e2771f95 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:55:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c92495ceb084945bc37f2e9e2771f952022-12-21T22:56:58ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552020-06-0110610.1136/bmjopen-2019-033695Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohortAnnie Green Howard0Kari E NorthEstela Blanco1Sheila Gahagan2Betsy LozoffAnn Von Holle3Raquel A Burrows4Anne Justice5Misa Graff6Venkata Saroja Voruganti74 Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA 2 Child Development and Community Health Division, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA2 Child Development and Community Health Division, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USAInstitute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, ChileCenter for Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health, Danville, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USADepartment of Nutrition and UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USAObjectives Infant anthropometric growth varies across socioeconomic factors, including maternal education and income, and may serve as an indicator of environmental influences in early life with long-term health consequences. Previous research has identified sociodemographic gradients in growth with a focus on the first year and beyond, but estimates are sparse for growth before 6 months. Thus, our objective was to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and infant growth patterns between birth and 5 months of age.Design Prospective cohort study.Settings Low-income to middle-income neighbourhoods in Santiago, Chile (1991–1996).Participants 1412 participants from a randomised iron-deficiency anaemia preventive trial in healthy infants.Main outcome measures Longitudinal anthropometrics including monthly weight (kg), length (cm) and weight-for-length (WFL) values. For each measure, we estimated three individual-level growth parameters (size, timing and velocity) from SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation models. Size and timing changes represent vertical and horizontal growth curve shifts, respectively, and velocity change represents growth rate shifts. We estimated the linear association between growth parameters and gestational age, maternal age, education and socioeconomic position (SEP).Results Lower SEP was associated with a slower linear (length) velocity growth parameter (−0.22, 95% CI –0.31 to –0.13)—outcome units are per cent change in velocity from the average growth curve. Lower SEP was associated with later WFL growth timing as demonstrated through the tempo growth parameter for females (0.25, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.42)—outcome units are shifts in days from the average growth curve. We found no evidence of associations between SEP and the weight size, timing or velocity growth rate parameters.Conclusion Previous research on growth in older infants and children shows associations between lower SEP with slower length velocity. We found evidence supporting this association in the first 5 months of life, which may inform age-specific prevention efforts aimed at infant length growth.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/6/e033695.full |
| spellingShingle | Annie Green Howard Kari E North Estela Blanco Sheila Gahagan Betsy Lozoff Ann Von Holle Raquel A Burrows Anne Justice Misa Graff Venkata Saroja Voruganti Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort BMJ Open |
| title | Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort |
| title_full | Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort |
| title_fullStr | Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort |
| title_short | Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort |
| title_sort | sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth evidence from a chilean infancy cohort |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/6/e033695.full |
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