Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC Networks
The increasing deployment of wind power is reducing inertia in power systems. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology can help to improve the stability of AC areas in which a frequency response is required. Moreover, multi-terminal DC (MTDC) networks can be optimized to distribute active power...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/24/6485 |
| _version_ | 1797545378640297984 |
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| author | Melanie Hoffmann Harold R. Chamorro Marc René Lotz José M. Maestre Kumars Rouzbehi Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt Michael Kurrat Lazaro Alvarado-Barrios Vijay K. Sood |
| author_facet | Melanie Hoffmann Harold R. Chamorro Marc René Lotz José M. Maestre Kumars Rouzbehi Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt Michael Kurrat Lazaro Alvarado-Barrios Vijay K. Sood |
| author_sort | Melanie Hoffmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing deployment of wind power is reducing inertia in power systems. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology can help to improve the stability of AC areas in which a frequency response is required. Moreover, multi-terminal DC (MTDC) networks can be optimized to distribute active power to several AC areas by droop control setting schemes that adjust converter control parameters. To this end, in this paper, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to improve the primary frequency response in AC areas considering several grid limitations and constraints. The frequency control uses an optimization process that minimizes the frequency nadir and the settling time in the primary frequency response. Secondly, another layer is proposed for the redistribution of active power among several AC areas, if required, without reserving wind power capacity. This method takes advantage of the MTDC topology and considers the grid code limitations at the same time. Two scenarios are defined to provide grid code-compliant frequency control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:14:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ca1b9761453441cbee319947818f755 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:14:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ca1b9761453441cbee319947818f7552023-11-20T23:54:07ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-12-011324648510.3390/en13246485Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC NetworksMelanie Hoffmann0Harold R. Chamorro1Marc René Lotz2José M. Maestre3Kumars Rouzbehi4Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt5Michael Kurrat6Lazaro Alvarado-Barrios7Vijay K. Sood8Institute for High Voltage Technology and Power Systems, Braunschweig University of Technology, 2, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyDepartamento de Ingenierıa de Sistemas y Automatica, Universidad de Sevilla, 4, 41004 Seville, SpainInstitute of Electrical Systems and Automation Technology (IfEA), Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, 38302 Wolfenbüttel, GermanyDepartamento de Ingenierıa de Sistemas y Automatica, Universidad de Sevilla, 4, 41004 Seville, SpainDepartamento de Ingenierıa de Sistemas y Automatica, Universidad de Sevilla, 4, 41004 Seville, SpainDepartment of Electrical Engineering, IT and Cybernetics, University of South-Eastern Norway, 40, 3679 Notodden, NorwayInstitute for High Voltage Technology and Power Systems, Braunschweig University of Technology, 2, 38106 Braunschweig, GermanyDepartamento de Ingeniería, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 4, 41004 Seville, SpainElectrical, Computer and Software Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON L1H 7K4, CanadaThe increasing deployment of wind power is reducing inertia in power systems. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology can help to improve the stability of AC areas in which a frequency response is required. Moreover, multi-terminal DC (MTDC) networks can be optimized to distribute active power to several AC areas by droop control setting schemes that adjust converter control parameters. To this end, in this paper, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to improve the primary frequency response in AC areas considering several grid limitations and constraints. The frequency control uses an optimization process that minimizes the frequency nadir and the settling time in the primary frequency response. Secondly, another layer is proposed for the redistribution of active power among several AC areas, if required, without reserving wind power capacity. This method takes advantage of the MTDC topology and considers the grid code limitations at the same time. Two scenarios are defined to provide grid code-compliant frequency control.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/24/6485MTDCfrequency controlfast frequency controllow-inertiawind powergrid code |
| spellingShingle | Melanie Hoffmann Harold R. Chamorro Marc René Lotz José M. Maestre Kumars Rouzbehi Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt Michael Kurrat Lazaro Alvarado-Barrios Vijay K. Sood Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC Networks Energies MTDC frequency control fast frequency control low-inertia wind power grid code |
| title | Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC Networks |
| title_full | Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC Networks |
| title_fullStr | Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC Networks |
| title_short | Grid Code-Dependent Frequency Control Optimization in Multi-Terminal DC Networks |
| title_sort | grid code dependent frequency control optimization in multi terminal dc networks |
| topic | MTDC frequency control fast frequency control low-inertia wind power grid code |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/24/6485 |
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