Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution
BackgroundNutritional management is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. High quality instead of low quantity of carbohydrate intake has been paying attention in controlling glycemia. Air pollution exposure can be interacted with dietary sourced nutrients, which may mod...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.992472/full |
| _version_ | 1828071003257831424 |
|---|---|
| author | Hehua Zhang Yang Xia Xiangsu Zhang Qing Chang Yuhong Zhao Yuhong Zhao |
| author_facet | Hehua Zhang Yang Xia Xiangsu Zhang Qing Chang Yuhong Zhao Yuhong Zhao |
| author_sort | Hehua Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundNutritional management is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. High quality instead of low quantity of carbohydrate intake has been paying attention in controlling glycemia. Air pollution exposure can be interacted with dietary sourced nutrients, which may modify the associations with GDM. This study aims to explore the associations between overall quality of carbohydrate intake and GDM as well as the modifying effect of prenatal air pollution exposure.MethodsCarbohydrate quality index (CQI) was calculated was calculated by summing scores of the four components; Land use regression prediction models were used to assess the air pollution exposure levels. GDM definition was based on 75 g glucose tolerance test results. Associations between pre-pregnancy CQI, pre-natal air pollution as well as the modifying effect on GDM were explored based on a birth cohort in China.ResultsA total of 3,183 participants were included, of which 784 (24.63%) were diagnosed with GDM. Higher pre-pregnancy CQI was associated with a lower incidence of GDM [odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.99, Pfor trend = 0.04], especially for higher fasting blood glucose related GDM (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91). Higher air pollution exposure before and during pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of GDM. Higher exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 2.5 μm (Pfor interaction < 0.01), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 10 μm (Pfor interaction < 0.01), and sulfur dioxide (Pfor interaction = 0.02) during pregnancy decreased the beneficial effect of high pre-pregnancy CQI on GDM.ConclusionCQI related dietary interventions pre-pregnancy to prevent GDM incidence should be considered. Women who are planning to be pregnant should avoid high exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:45:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7cad1e372d3544c7a4e9d0484d5c715d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:45:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-7cad1e372d3544c7a4e9d0484d5c715d2023-01-05T15:41:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-01-01910.3389/fnut.2022.992472992472Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollutionHehua Zhang0Yang Xia1Xiangsu Zhang2Qing Chang3Yuhong Zhao4Yuhong Zhao5Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaInternational Education School, China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaClinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaClinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaBackgroundNutritional management is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. High quality instead of low quantity of carbohydrate intake has been paying attention in controlling glycemia. Air pollution exposure can be interacted with dietary sourced nutrients, which may modify the associations with GDM. This study aims to explore the associations between overall quality of carbohydrate intake and GDM as well as the modifying effect of prenatal air pollution exposure.MethodsCarbohydrate quality index (CQI) was calculated was calculated by summing scores of the four components; Land use regression prediction models were used to assess the air pollution exposure levels. GDM definition was based on 75 g glucose tolerance test results. Associations between pre-pregnancy CQI, pre-natal air pollution as well as the modifying effect on GDM were explored based on a birth cohort in China.ResultsA total of 3,183 participants were included, of which 784 (24.63%) were diagnosed with GDM. Higher pre-pregnancy CQI was associated with a lower incidence of GDM [odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.99, Pfor trend = 0.04], especially for higher fasting blood glucose related GDM (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91). Higher air pollution exposure before and during pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of GDM. Higher exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 2.5 μm (Pfor interaction < 0.01), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 10 μm (Pfor interaction < 0.01), and sulfur dioxide (Pfor interaction = 0.02) during pregnancy decreased the beneficial effect of high pre-pregnancy CQI on GDM.ConclusionCQI related dietary interventions pre-pregnancy to prevent GDM incidence should be considered. Women who are planning to be pregnant should avoid high exposure to air pollution during pregnancy.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.992472/fullnutritionair pollutiongestational diabetes mellitusinteractionbirth cohort |
| spellingShingle | Hehua Zhang Yang Xia Xiangsu Zhang Qing Chang Yuhong Zhao Yuhong Zhao Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution Frontiers in Nutrition nutrition air pollution gestational diabetes mellitus interaction birth cohort |
| title | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
| title_full | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
| title_fullStr | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
| title_short | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
| title_sort | carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus and the modifying effect of air pollution |
| topic | nutrition air pollution gestational diabetes mellitus interaction birth cohort |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.992472/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hehuazhang carbohydrateintakequalityandgestationaldiabetesmellitusandthemodifyingeffectofairpollution AT yangxia carbohydrateintakequalityandgestationaldiabetesmellitusandthemodifyingeffectofairpollution AT xiangsuzhang carbohydrateintakequalityandgestationaldiabetesmellitusandthemodifyingeffectofairpollution AT qingchang carbohydrateintakequalityandgestationaldiabetesmellitusandthemodifyingeffectofairpollution AT yuhongzhao carbohydrateintakequalityandgestationaldiabetesmellitusandthemodifyingeffectofairpollution AT yuhongzhao carbohydrateintakequalityandgestationaldiabetesmellitusandthemodifyingeffectofairpollution |