Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive Animals
Early changes in hemocyte proteins in freshwater crayfish <i>Pacifastacus leniusculus</i>, in response to an injection with the fungal pattern recognition protein β-1,3-glucan (laminarin) were investigated, as well as changes after saline (vehicle) injection and in naïve animals. Injecti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6464 |
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| author | Charlotta Ekblom Kenneth Söderhäll Irene Söderhäll |
| author_facet | Charlotta Ekblom Kenneth Söderhäll Irene Söderhäll |
| author_sort | Charlotta Ekblom |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Early changes in hemocyte proteins in freshwater crayfish <i>Pacifastacus leniusculus</i>, in response to an injection with the fungal pattern recognition protein β-1,3-glucan (laminarin) were investigated, as well as changes after saline (vehicle) injection and in naïve animals. Injection of saline resulted in rapid recruitment of granular hemocytes from surrounding tissues, whereas laminarin injection on the other hand induced an initial dramatic drop of hemocytes. At six hours after injection, the hemocyte populations therefore were of different composition. The results show that mature granular hemocytes increase in number after saline injection as indicated by the high abundance of proteins present in granular cell vesicles, such as a vitelline membrane outer layer protein 1 homolog, mannose-binding lectin, masquerade, crustin 1 and serine protease homolog 1. After injection with the β-1,3-glucan, only three proteins were enhanced in expression, in comparison with saline-injected animals and uninjected controls. All of them may be associated with immune responses, such as a new and previously undescribed Kazal proteinase inhibitor. One interesting observation was that the clotting protein was increased dramatically in most of the animals injected with laminarin. The number of significantly affected proteins was very few after a laminarin injection when compared to uninjected and saline-injected crayfish. This finding may demonstrate some problematic issues with gene and protein expression studies from other crustaceans receiving injections with pathogens or pattern recognition proteins. If no uninjected controls are included and no information about hemocyte count (total or differential) is given, expressions data for proteins or mRNAs are very difficult to properly interpret. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:20:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7cc0a3df0606411485f1220333b64fa4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:20:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7cc0a3df0606411485f1220333b64fa42023-11-22T00:25:45ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-06-012212646410.3390/ijms22126464Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive AnimalsCharlotta Ekblom0Kenneth Söderhäll1Irene Söderhäll2Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 A, SE752 36 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Comparative Physiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 A, SE752 36 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Comparative Physiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 A, SE752 36 Uppsala, SwedenEarly changes in hemocyte proteins in freshwater crayfish <i>Pacifastacus leniusculus</i>, in response to an injection with the fungal pattern recognition protein β-1,3-glucan (laminarin) were investigated, as well as changes after saline (vehicle) injection and in naïve animals. Injection of saline resulted in rapid recruitment of granular hemocytes from surrounding tissues, whereas laminarin injection on the other hand induced an initial dramatic drop of hemocytes. At six hours after injection, the hemocyte populations therefore were of different composition. The results show that mature granular hemocytes increase in number after saline injection as indicated by the high abundance of proteins present in granular cell vesicles, such as a vitelline membrane outer layer protein 1 homolog, mannose-binding lectin, masquerade, crustin 1 and serine protease homolog 1. After injection with the β-1,3-glucan, only three proteins were enhanced in expression, in comparison with saline-injected animals and uninjected controls. All of them may be associated with immune responses, such as a new and previously undescribed Kazal proteinase inhibitor. One interesting observation was that the clotting protein was increased dramatically in most of the animals injected with laminarin. The number of significantly affected proteins was very few after a laminarin injection when compared to uninjected and saline-injected crayfish. This finding may demonstrate some problematic issues with gene and protein expression studies from other crustaceans receiving injections with pathogens or pattern recognition proteins. If no uninjected controls are included and no information about hemocyte count (total or differential) is given, expressions data for proteins or mRNAs are very difficult to properly interpret.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6464BGBPclotting proteincrustaceainjection responselaminarinproteome |
| spellingShingle | Charlotta Ekblom Kenneth Söderhäll Irene Söderhäll Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive Animals International Journal of Molecular Sciences BGBP clotting protein crustacea injection response laminarin proteome |
| title | Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive Animals |
| title_full | Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive Animals |
| title_fullStr | Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive Animals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive Animals |
| title_short | Early Changes in Crayfish Hemocyte Proteins after Injection with a β-1,3-glucan, Compared to Saline Injected and Naive Animals |
| title_sort | early changes in crayfish hemocyte proteins after injection with a β 1 3 glucan compared to saline injected and naive animals |
| topic | BGBP clotting protein crustacea injection response laminarin proteome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6464 |
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