Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole Postlarvae
Somatic growth is a balance between protein synthesis and degradation, and it is largely influenced by nutritional clues. Antioxidants levels play a key role in protein turnover by reducing the oxidative damage in the skeletal muscle, and hence promoting growth performance in the long-term. In the p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.580600/full |
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| author | Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Sofia Engrola Luis E. C. Conceição Manuel Manchado Carlos Carballo Renata Gonçalves Rita Colen Vera Figueiredo Vera Figueiredo Luisa M. P. Valente Luisa M. P. Valente |
| author_facet | Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Sofia Engrola Luis E. C. Conceição Manuel Manchado Carlos Carballo Renata Gonçalves Rita Colen Vera Figueiredo Vera Figueiredo Luisa M. P. Valente Luisa M. P. Valente |
| author_sort | Maria J. Xavier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Somatic growth is a balance between protein synthesis and degradation, and it is largely influenced by nutritional clues. Antioxidants levels play a key role in protein turnover by reducing the oxidative damage in the skeletal muscle, and hence promoting growth performance in the long-term. In the present study, Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 days after hatching, DAH) were fed with three experimental diets, a control (CTRL) and two supplemented with natural antioxidants: curcumin (CC) and grape seed (GS). Trial spanned for 25 days and growth performance, muscle cellularity and the expression of muscle growth related genes were assessed at the end of the experiment (70 DAH). The diets CC and GS significantly improved growth performance of fish compared to the CTRL diet. This enhanced growth was associated with larger muscle cross sectional area, with fish fed CC being significantly different from those fed the CTRL. Sole fed the CC diet had the highest number of muscle fibers, indicating that this diet promoted muscle hyperplastic growth. Although the mean fiber diameter did not differ significantly amongst treatments, the proportion of large-sized fibers (>25 μm) was also higher in fish fed the CC diet suggesting increased hypertrophic growth. Such differences in the phenotype were associated with a significant up-regulation of the myogenic differentiation 2 (myod2) and the myomaker (mymk) transcripts involved in myocyte differentiation and fusion, respectively, during larval development. The inclusion of grape seed extract (GS diet) resulted in a significant increase in the expression of myostatin1. These results demonstrate that both diets (CC and GS) can positively modulate muscle development and promote growth in sole postlarvae. This effect is more prominent in CC fed fish, where increased hyperplastic and hypertrophic growth of the muscle was associated with an upregulation of myod2 and mymk genes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T05:37:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7cc59a12c73f433cb0f167086227ac12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T05:37:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7cc59a12c73f433cb0f167086227ac122022-12-21T23:57:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2020-11-011110.3389/fphys.2020.580600580600Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole PostlarvaeMaria J. Xavier0Maria J. Xavier1Maria J. Xavier2Maria J. Xavier3Sofia Engrola4Luis E. C. Conceição5Manuel Manchado6Carlos Carballo7Renata Gonçalves8Rita Colen9Vera Figueiredo10Vera Figueiredo11Luisa M. P. Valente12Luisa M. P. Valente13Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCentro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, PortugalSPAROS Lda., Olhão, PortugalCentro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, PortugalSPAROS Lda., Olhão, PortugalIFAPA Centro El Toruño, El Puerto de Santa Maria, Cádiz, SpainIFAPA Centro El Toruño, El Puerto de Santa Maria, Cádiz, SpainCentro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, PortugalCentro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, PortugalCentro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCentro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalSomatic growth is a balance between protein synthesis and degradation, and it is largely influenced by nutritional clues. Antioxidants levels play a key role in protein turnover by reducing the oxidative damage in the skeletal muscle, and hence promoting growth performance in the long-term. In the present study, Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 days after hatching, DAH) were fed with three experimental diets, a control (CTRL) and two supplemented with natural antioxidants: curcumin (CC) and grape seed (GS). Trial spanned for 25 days and growth performance, muscle cellularity and the expression of muscle growth related genes were assessed at the end of the experiment (70 DAH). The diets CC and GS significantly improved growth performance of fish compared to the CTRL diet. This enhanced growth was associated with larger muscle cross sectional area, with fish fed CC being significantly different from those fed the CTRL. Sole fed the CC diet had the highest number of muscle fibers, indicating that this diet promoted muscle hyperplastic growth. Although the mean fiber diameter did not differ significantly amongst treatments, the proportion of large-sized fibers (>25 μm) was also higher in fish fed the CC diet suggesting increased hypertrophic growth. Such differences in the phenotype were associated with a significant up-regulation of the myogenic differentiation 2 (myod2) and the myomaker (mymk) transcripts involved in myocyte differentiation and fusion, respectively, during larval development. The inclusion of grape seed extract (GS diet) resulted in a significant increase in the expression of myostatin1. These results demonstrate that both diets (CC and GS) can positively modulate muscle development and promote growth in sole postlarvae. This effect is more prominent in CC fed fish, where increased hyperplastic and hypertrophic growth of the muscle was associated with an upregulation of myod2 and mymk genes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.580600/fulldietary antioxidantsmuscle growthmyogenesisprotein degradationSenegalese sole |
| spellingShingle | Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Maria J. Xavier Sofia Engrola Luis E. C. Conceição Manuel Manchado Carlos Carballo Renata Gonçalves Rita Colen Vera Figueiredo Vera Figueiredo Luisa M. P. Valente Luisa M. P. Valente Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole Postlarvae Frontiers in Physiology dietary antioxidants muscle growth myogenesis protein degradation Senegalese sole |
| title | Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole Postlarvae |
| title_full | Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole Postlarvae |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole Postlarvae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole Postlarvae |
| title_short | Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Promotes Growth in Senegalese Sole Postlarvae |
| title_sort | dietary antioxidant supplementation promotes growth in senegalese sole postlarvae |
| topic | dietary antioxidants muscle growth myogenesis protein degradation Senegalese sole |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.580600/full |
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