Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC
Asian lacquer is a special polymeric material tapped from lacquer trees. The tree’s sap is a complex mixture of compounds, such as catechol lipids, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, enzymes, and water. Researchers have not yet quantitatively analyzed blended lacquers. We evaluated the compositions of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/1/97 |
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| author | Hye Hyun Yu Jung-Ah Lim Seung Wook Ham Kang-Bong Lee Yeonhee Lee |
| author_facet | Hye Hyun Yu Jung-Ah Lim Seung Wook Ham Kang-Bong Lee Yeonhee Lee |
| author_sort | Hye Hyun Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Asian lacquer is a special polymeric material tapped from lacquer trees. The tree’s sap is a complex mixture of compounds, such as catechol lipids, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, enzymes, and water. Researchers have not yet quantitatively analyzed blended lacquers. We evaluated the compositions of Japanese and Vietnamese lacquers, and blends of the two, using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF–SIMS), pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). ToF–SIMS provided quantitative results for blended lacquers; provided structural information on polymeric lacquer films; and indicated the presence of dimers of urushiol–urushiol, urushiol–laccol, and laccol–laccol derivatives. We used Py–GC/MS and HPLC to obtain linear calibration curves. The specific peak intensity was a linear function of the ratio of Japanese to Vietnamese lacquer in the blends. For an unknown mixture, all three techniques gave essentially the same results. These quantitative methods will be useful for improving the physical properties of polymeric lacquer films, and evaluating the lacquer quality in industry and historic conservation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:42:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7cf16234f01747418256327fe2096fad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:42:43Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-7cf16234f01747418256327fe2096fad2023-11-21T02:55:15ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-12-011319710.3390/polym13010097Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLCHye Hyun Yu0Jung-Ah Lim1Seung Wook Ham2Kang-Bong Lee3Yeonhee Lee4Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, KoreaPost-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, KoreaNational Agenda Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, KoreaAdvanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, KoreaAsian lacquer is a special polymeric material tapped from lacquer trees. The tree’s sap is a complex mixture of compounds, such as catechol lipids, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, enzymes, and water. Researchers have not yet quantitatively analyzed blended lacquers. We evaluated the compositions of Japanese and Vietnamese lacquers, and blends of the two, using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF–SIMS), pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). ToF–SIMS provided quantitative results for blended lacquers; provided structural information on polymeric lacquer films; and indicated the presence of dimers of urushiol–urushiol, urushiol–laccol, and laccol–laccol derivatives. We used Py–GC/MS and HPLC to obtain linear calibration curves. The specific peak intensity was a linear function of the ratio of Japanese to Vietnamese lacquer in the blends. For an unknown mixture, all three techniques gave essentially the same results. These quantitative methods will be useful for improving the physical properties of polymeric lacquer films, and evaluating the lacquer quality in industry and historic conservation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/1/97blended lacquerquantitative analysisToF–SIMSPy–GC/MSHPLC |
| spellingShingle | Hye Hyun Yu Jung-Ah Lim Seung Wook Ham Kang-Bong Lee Yeonhee Lee Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC Polymers blended lacquer quantitative analysis ToF–SIMS Py–GC/MS HPLC |
| title | Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC |
| title_full | Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC |
| title_short | Quantitative Analysis of Blended Asian Lacquers Using ToF–SIMS, Py–GC/MS and HPLC |
| title_sort | quantitative analysis of blended asian lacquers using tof sims py gc ms and hplc |
| topic | blended lacquer quantitative analysis ToF–SIMS Py–GC/MS HPLC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/1/97 |
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