Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches
Chronodisruption caused by factors such as light at night and mistimed meals has been linked to numerous physiological alterations in vertebrates and may be an anxiogenic factor affecting welfare. This study aims to investigate whether chronodisruption causes measurable changes in the anxiety respon...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/15/2481 |
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| author | Nuria Saiz Lisbeth Herrera-Castillo Nuria de Pedro María Jesús Delgado Sven David Arvidsson Miguel Ángel Marugal-López Esther Isorna |
| author_facet | Nuria Saiz Lisbeth Herrera-Castillo Nuria de Pedro María Jesús Delgado Sven David Arvidsson Miguel Ángel Marugal-López Esther Isorna |
| author_sort | Nuria Saiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronodisruption caused by factors such as light at night and mistimed meals has been linked to numerous physiological alterations in vertebrates and may be an anxiogenic factor affecting welfare. This study aims to investigate whether chronodisruption causes measurable changes in the anxiety responses of goldfish under two conditions: randomly scheduled feeding (RF) and continuous light (LL). Anxiety-like behavior was assessed in the open field with object approach and black/white preference tests, which had been validated using diazepam. An increased thigmotaxis response and decreased object exploration under both chronodisruption protocols indicated anxiety states. Furthermore, locomotor activity was increased in LL fish. The black/white preference test discriminated anxiolysis induced by diazepam but was unable to detect anxiety caused by chronodisruption. Plasma cortisol increased in both RF and LL fish throughout the experiment, confirming that both conditions caused stress. The LL fish also showed an apparently desensitized hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal HPI axis, with a decrease in <i>pomc</i> and <i>crf</i> expression. Individual analysis found no correlation between anxiety-like behavior and stress axis activation nor between scototaxis and thigmotaxis responses. However, individual differences in sensitivity to each test were detected. Altogether, these results highlight circadian disruption as a stressor for fish and endorse a multiple variable approach for reliably assessing animal discomfort. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:32:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d1bda3ed3dd47878958d1e425df4734 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:32:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d1bda3ed3dd47878958d1e425df47342023-11-18T22:33:38ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-08-011315248110.3390/ani13152481Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal ApproachesNuria Saiz0Lisbeth Herrera-Castillo1Nuria de Pedro2María Jesús Delgado3Sven David Arvidsson4Miguel Ángel Marugal-López5Esther Isorna6Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainChronodisruption caused by factors such as light at night and mistimed meals has been linked to numerous physiological alterations in vertebrates and may be an anxiogenic factor affecting welfare. This study aims to investigate whether chronodisruption causes measurable changes in the anxiety responses of goldfish under two conditions: randomly scheduled feeding (RF) and continuous light (LL). Anxiety-like behavior was assessed in the open field with object approach and black/white preference tests, which had been validated using diazepam. An increased thigmotaxis response and decreased object exploration under both chronodisruption protocols indicated anxiety states. Furthermore, locomotor activity was increased in LL fish. The black/white preference test discriminated anxiolysis induced by diazepam but was unable to detect anxiety caused by chronodisruption. Plasma cortisol increased in both RF and LL fish throughout the experiment, confirming that both conditions caused stress. The LL fish also showed an apparently desensitized hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal HPI axis, with a decrease in <i>pomc</i> and <i>crf</i> expression. Individual analysis found no correlation between anxiety-like behavior and stress axis activation nor between scototaxis and thigmotaxis responses. However, individual differences in sensitivity to each test were detected. Altogether, these results highlight circadian disruption as a stressor for fish and endorse a multiple variable approach for reliably assessing animal discomfort.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/15/2481circadian systemanxietybehavioral testfishstresscortisol |
| spellingShingle | Nuria Saiz Lisbeth Herrera-Castillo Nuria de Pedro María Jesús Delgado Sven David Arvidsson Miguel Ángel Marugal-López Esther Isorna Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches Animals circadian system anxiety behavioral test fish stress cortisol |
| title | Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches |
| title_full | Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches |
| title_short | Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches |
| title_sort | assessing chronodisruption distress in goldfish the importance of multimodal approaches |
| topic | circadian system anxiety behavioral test fish stress cortisol |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/15/2481 |
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