An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net Neutrality
Carbon dioxide, the leading contributor to anthropogenic climate change, is released mainly via fossil fuel combustion, mostly for energy generation. Carbon capture technologies are employed for reducing the emissions from existing huge point sources, along with capturing them from direct air, to re...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/6/1460 |
| _version_ | 1797241250353512448 |
|---|---|
| author | Amith Karayil Ahmed Elseragy Aliyu M. Aliyu |
| author_facet | Amith Karayil Ahmed Elseragy Aliyu M. Aliyu |
| author_sort | Amith Karayil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbon dioxide, the leading contributor to anthropogenic climate change, is released mainly via fossil fuel combustion, mostly for energy generation. Carbon capture technologies are employed for reducing the emissions from existing huge point sources, along with capturing them from direct air, to reduce the existing concentration. This paper provides a quantitative analysis of the various subtypes of carbon capture technologies with the aim of providing an assessment of each from technological, social, geo-political, economic, and environmental perspectives. Since the emissions intensity and quantity, along with the social–political–economic conditions, vary in different geographic regions, prioritising and finding the right type of technology is critical for achieving ambitious net-zero targets. Four main types of carbon capture technology were analysed (adsorption, absorption, membrane, and cryogenic) under four scenarios depending on the jurisdiction. The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (also known as the TOPSIS method) was used to establish a quantitative ranking of each, where weightages were allocated according to the emissions status and economics of each depending on the jurisdiction. Furthermore, forecasting the trends for technology types vis à vis carbon neutral targets between 2040 and 2050 was carried out by applying regression analysis on existing data and the emissions footprint of major contributing countries. The study found the membrane score to be the highest in the TOPSIS analysis in three of the four scenarios analysed. However, absorption remains the most popular for post-combustion capture despite having the highest energy penalty per ton of CO<sub>2</sub> capture. Overall, capture rates are well short of projections for carbon neutrality; the methodology put forward for prioritising and aligning appropriate technologies and the region-by-region analysis will help highlight to technocrats, governments, and policymakers the state of the art and how to best utilise them to mitigate carbon emissions—critical in achieving the net-zero goals set at various international agreements on climate change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:20:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d241f777a284310afe33e861d8c555b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:20:20Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d241f777a284310afe33e861d8c555b2024-03-27T13:35:48ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-03-01176146010.3390/en17061460An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net NeutralityAmith Karayil0Ahmed Elseragy1Aliyu M. Aliyu2School of Engineering, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UKSchool of Engineering, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UKSchool of Engineering, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UKCarbon dioxide, the leading contributor to anthropogenic climate change, is released mainly via fossil fuel combustion, mostly for energy generation. Carbon capture technologies are employed for reducing the emissions from existing huge point sources, along with capturing them from direct air, to reduce the existing concentration. This paper provides a quantitative analysis of the various subtypes of carbon capture technologies with the aim of providing an assessment of each from technological, social, geo-political, economic, and environmental perspectives. Since the emissions intensity and quantity, along with the social–political–economic conditions, vary in different geographic regions, prioritising and finding the right type of technology is critical for achieving ambitious net-zero targets. Four main types of carbon capture technology were analysed (adsorption, absorption, membrane, and cryogenic) under four scenarios depending on the jurisdiction. The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (also known as the TOPSIS method) was used to establish a quantitative ranking of each, where weightages were allocated according to the emissions status and economics of each depending on the jurisdiction. Furthermore, forecasting the trends for technology types vis à vis carbon neutral targets between 2040 and 2050 was carried out by applying regression analysis on existing data and the emissions footprint of major contributing countries. The study found the membrane score to be the highest in the TOPSIS analysis in three of the four scenarios analysed. However, absorption remains the most popular for post-combustion capture despite having the highest energy penalty per ton of CO<sub>2</sub> capture. Overall, capture rates are well short of projections for carbon neutrality; the methodology put forward for prioritising and aligning appropriate technologies and the region-by-region analysis will help highlight to technocrats, governments, and policymakers the state of the art and how to best utilise them to mitigate carbon emissions—critical in achieving the net-zero goals set at various international agreements on climate change.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/6/1460absorptionadsorptionenergy penaltymembrane capturenet-zero |
| spellingShingle | Amith Karayil Ahmed Elseragy Aliyu M. Aliyu An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net Neutrality Energies absorption adsorption energy penalty membrane capture net-zero |
| title | An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net Neutrality |
| title_full | An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net Neutrality |
| title_fullStr | An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net Neutrality |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net Neutrality |
| title_short | An Assessment of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Technologies towards Global Carbon Net Neutrality |
| title_sort | assessment of co sub 2 sub capture technologies towards global carbon net neutrality |
| topic | absorption adsorption energy penalty membrane capture net-zero |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/6/1460 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amithkarayil anassessmentofcosub2subcapturetechnologiestowardsglobalcarbonnetneutrality AT ahmedelseragy anassessmentofcosub2subcapturetechnologiestowardsglobalcarbonnetneutrality AT aliyumaliyu anassessmentofcosub2subcapturetechnologiestowardsglobalcarbonnetneutrality AT amithkarayil assessmentofcosub2subcapturetechnologiestowardsglobalcarbonnetneutrality AT ahmedelseragy assessmentofcosub2subcapturetechnologiestowardsglobalcarbonnetneutrality AT aliyumaliyu assessmentofcosub2subcapturetechnologiestowardsglobalcarbonnetneutrality |