Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis?
Purpose: Systemic doxycycline has been prescribed to reduce inflammation and enhance corneal healing in bacterial keratitis. Topical autologous serum drops (ASD) containing doxycycline following oral supplementation may additionally confer an anti-bacterial effect. The potential of this supplementat...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/7/1145 |
| _version_ | 1827734244701503488 |
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| author | David Mora-Boellstorff Kanwal Matharu Vishal Jhanji Regis P. Kowalski |
| author_facet | David Mora-Boellstorff Kanwal Matharu Vishal Jhanji Regis P. Kowalski |
| author_sort | David Mora-Boellstorff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose: Systemic doxycycline has been prescribed to reduce inflammation and enhance corneal healing in bacterial keratitis. Topical autologous serum drops (ASD) containing doxycycline following oral supplementation may additionally confer an anti-bacterial effect. The potential of this supplementation was evaluated by determining the in vitro susceptibility of bacterial keratitis isolates to doxycycline. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of doxycycline against 100 bacterial keratitis isolates were determined using Etests. Twenty-seven <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, ten coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i>, six <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, seven viridans group streptococci, seven other Gram-positive bacteria, nineteen <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, eight <i>Serratia marcescens</i>, four <i>Moraxella</i> spp., two <i>Haemophilus</i> spp., and ten other Gram-negative bacteria isolates were tested. MICs of doxycycline were compared to a serum standard concentration of doxycycline (SSCD) of 4 µg/mL and concentrations that would be found in 50% and 20% serum component clinical preparations of ASD, corresponding to 50% SSCD (2 µg/mL) and 20% SSCD (0.8 µg/mL), respectively. MICs equal to or less than these values were used to deem a bacterial isolate susceptible. Results: For Gram-positive bacteria, susceptibilities to SSCD, 50% SSCD, and 20% SSCD were 86%, 65%, and 60%, respectively. For Gram-negative bacteria, susceptibilities to SSCD, 50% SSCD, and 20% SSCD were 37.2%, 23.3%, and 11.6%, respectively. Chi-squared analyses comparing Gram-positive and Gram-negative susceptibilities showed significantly greater susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria at all three tested MICs (<0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001). Conclusions: Our data suggest that autologous serum drops containing theoretic concentrations of doxycycline may provide an additional anti-bacterial effect in the treatment of bacterial keratitis, especially for Gram-positive bacterial keratitis compared to Gram-negative bacterial keratitis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:21:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d3fdce2acd34d4d96da7e25dfb004dc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:21:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d3fdce2acd34d4d96da7e25dfb004dc2023-11-18T18:02:52ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-07-01127114510.3390/antibiotics12071145Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis?David Mora-Boellstorff0Kanwal Matharu1Vishal Jhanji2Regis P. Kowalski3The Charles T. Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USAThe Charles T. Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USAThe Charles T. Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USAThe Charles T. Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USAPurpose: Systemic doxycycline has been prescribed to reduce inflammation and enhance corneal healing in bacterial keratitis. Topical autologous serum drops (ASD) containing doxycycline following oral supplementation may additionally confer an anti-bacterial effect. The potential of this supplementation was evaluated by determining the in vitro susceptibility of bacterial keratitis isolates to doxycycline. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of doxycycline against 100 bacterial keratitis isolates were determined using Etests. Twenty-seven <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, ten coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i>, six <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, seven viridans group streptococci, seven other Gram-positive bacteria, nineteen <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, eight <i>Serratia marcescens</i>, four <i>Moraxella</i> spp., two <i>Haemophilus</i> spp., and ten other Gram-negative bacteria isolates were tested. MICs of doxycycline were compared to a serum standard concentration of doxycycline (SSCD) of 4 µg/mL and concentrations that would be found in 50% and 20% serum component clinical preparations of ASD, corresponding to 50% SSCD (2 µg/mL) and 20% SSCD (0.8 µg/mL), respectively. MICs equal to or less than these values were used to deem a bacterial isolate susceptible. Results: For Gram-positive bacteria, susceptibilities to SSCD, 50% SSCD, and 20% SSCD were 86%, 65%, and 60%, respectively. For Gram-negative bacteria, susceptibilities to SSCD, 50% SSCD, and 20% SSCD were 37.2%, 23.3%, and 11.6%, respectively. Chi-squared analyses comparing Gram-positive and Gram-negative susceptibilities showed significantly greater susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria at all three tested MICs (<0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001). Conclusions: Our data suggest that autologous serum drops containing theoretic concentrations of doxycycline may provide an additional anti-bacterial effect in the treatment of bacterial keratitis, especially for Gram-positive bacterial keratitis compared to Gram-negative bacterial keratitis.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/7/1145doxycyclinebacterial keratitisautologous serum dropssusceptibility |
| spellingShingle | David Mora-Boellstorff Kanwal Matharu Vishal Jhanji Regis P. Kowalski Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis? Antibiotics doxycycline bacterial keratitis autologous serum drops susceptibility |
| title | Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis? |
| title_full | Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis? |
| title_fullStr | Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis? |
| title_short | Can Serum Drops Containing Doxycycline Provide a Supplemental Anti-Bacterial Effect in the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis? |
| title_sort | can serum drops containing doxycycline provide a supplemental anti bacterial effect in the treatment of bacterial keratitis |
| topic | doxycycline bacterial keratitis autologous serum drops susceptibility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/7/1145 |
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