Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic Treatment
Community-based studies from India on prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections have reported estimates as high as 50% in children. However, prevalence estimates during pregnancy in India are lacking. We aimed to describe the burden, associated factors of STH and cure rate after dewor...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/1/48 |
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| author | Revathi Ulaganeethi Ganesh Kumar Saya Nonika Rajkumari Swetha S. Kumar Kalaiselvan Ganapathy Gowri Dorairajan |
| author_facet | Revathi Ulaganeethi Ganesh Kumar Saya Nonika Rajkumari Swetha S. Kumar Kalaiselvan Ganapathy Gowri Dorairajan |
| author_sort | Revathi Ulaganeethi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Community-based studies from India on prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections have reported estimates as high as 50% in children. However, prevalence estimates during pregnancy in India are lacking. We aimed to describe the burden, associated factors of STH and cure rate after deworming in primary care settings. Pregnant women were recruited from four urban and five rural centers in Puducherry, South India, from December 2019 to April 2022. One stool sample was collected from each participant before deworming and one repeat sample was collected from STH positive woman after three weeks of deworming. The samples were processed with saline; iodine wet mount, and microscopic concentration techniques. Cure rate (CR) was assessed using Kato–Katz thick smear. Of 650 women included, 49 (7.5%, 95% CI 5.6–9.8) had one of the STH infections; the prevalence of <i>Ascaris lumbricoides,</i> hookworm and <i>Strongyloides</i> was 5.4%, 1.8% and 0.3%, respectively. The prevalence of any STH was higher among ages 26–30 years (9.1%), working women (8.3%), multigravida (8.3%), urban setting (8.3%), those who did not wash their hands before food (9%) and anemic women (8.9%), compared to their counterparts, but not statistically significant. The CR for hookworm was 100% and <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> was 88.6%. To conclude, the prevalence of STH was low among pregnant women compared to school aged children. Continued deworming activities along with improved sanitation could further reduce the burden. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7d604d929e184ed296b7a197b0b957592023-12-01T00:58:23ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662023-01-01814810.3390/tropicalmed8010048Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic TreatmentRevathi Ulaganeethi0Ganesh Kumar Saya1Nonika Rajkumari2Swetha S. Kumar3Kalaiselvan Ganapathy4Gowri Dorairajan5Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, IndiaDepartment of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, IndiaDepartment of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, IndiaDepartment of Preventive and Social Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry 605602, IndiaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605006, IndiaCommunity-based studies from India on prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections have reported estimates as high as 50% in children. However, prevalence estimates during pregnancy in India are lacking. We aimed to describe the burden, associated factors of STH and cure rate after deworming in primary care settings. Pregnant women were recruited from four urban and five rural centers in Puducherry, South India, from December 2019 to April 2022. One stool sample was collected from each participant before deworming and one repeat sample was collected from STH positive woman after three weeks of deworming. The samples were processed with saline; iodine wet mount, and microscopic concentration techniques. Cure rate (CR) was assessed using Kato–Katz thick smear. Of 650 women included, 49 (7.5%, 95% CI 5.6–9.8) had one of the STH infections; the prevalence of <i>Ascaris lumbricoides,</i> hookworm and <i>Strongyloides</i> was 5.4%, 1.8% and 0.3%, respectively. The prevalence of any STH was higher among ages 26–30 years (9.1%), working women (8.3%), multigravida (8.3%), urban setting (8.3%), those who did not wash their hands before food (9%) and anemic women (8.9%), compared to their counterparts, but not statistically significant. The CR for hookworm was 100% and <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> was 88.6%. To conclude, the prevalence of STH was low among pregnant women compared to school aged children. Continued deworming activities along with improved sanitation could further reduce the burden.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/1/48STH infectionspregnancycure ratecommunity-basedprevalence |
| spellingShingle | Revathi Ulaganeethi Ganesh Kumar Saya Nonika Rajkumari Swetha S. Kumar Kalaiselvan Ganapathy Gowri Dorairajan Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic Treatment Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease STH infections pregnancy cure rate community-based prevalence |
| title | Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic Treatment |
| title_full | Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic Treatment |
| title_short | Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Antenatal Women in Primary Care Settings in Southern India: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effect of Anti-Helminthic Treatment |
| title_sort | soil transmitted helminth infections among antenatal women in primary care settings in southern india prevalence associated factors and effect of anti helminthic treatment |
| topic | STH infections pregnancy cure rate community-based prevalence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/1/48 |
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