Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” Perspective
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal proliferation of malignant plasma cells (PCs) within a permissive bone marrow microenvironment. The pathogenesis of MM is unequivocally linked to the acquisition of genomic instability (GI), which indicates the ten...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/9/2127 |
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| author | Elisa Taiana Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio Vanessa Katia Favasuli Cecilia Bandini Giuseppe Viglietto Roberto Piva Antonino Neri Nicola Amodio |
| author_facet | Elisa Taiana Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio Vanessa Katia Favasuli Cecilia Bandini Giuseppe Viglietto Roberto Piva Antonino Neri Nicola Amodio |
| author_sort | Elisa Taiana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal proliferation of malignant plasma cells (PCs) within a permissive bone marrow microenvironment. The pathogenesis of MM is unequivocally linked to the acquisition of genomic instability (GI), which indicates the tendency of tumor cells to accumulate a wide repertoire of genetic alterations. Such alterations can even be detected at the premalignant stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) and, overall, contribute to the acquisition of the malignant traits underlying disease progression. The molecular basis of GI remains unclear, with replication stress and deregulation of DNA damage repair pathways representing the most documented mechanisms. The discovery that non-coding RNA molecules are deeply dysregulated in MM and can target pivotal components of GI pathways has introduced a further layer of complexity to the GI scenario in this disease. In this review, we will summarize available information on the molecular determinants of GI in MM, focusing on the role of non-coding RNAs as novel means to tackle GI for therapeutic intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:53:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d63a1dc07cd48b9bccee99dd8f1b641 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:53:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d63a1dc07cd48b9bccee99dd8f1b6412023-11-21T17:33:47ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-04-01139212710.3390/cancers13092127Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” PerspectiveElisa Taiana0Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio1Vanessa Katia Favasuli2Cecilia Bandini3Giuseppe Viglietto4Roberto Piva5Antonino Neri6Nicola Amodio7Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyMultiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal proliferation of malignant plasma cells (PCs) within a permissive bone marrow microenvironment. The pathogenesis of MM is unequivocally linked to the acquisition of genomic instability (GI), which indicates the tendency of tumor cells to accumulate a wide repertoire of genetic alterations. Such alterations can even be detected at the premalignant stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) and, overall, contribute to the acquisition of the malignant traits underlying disease progression. The molecular basis of GI remains unclear, with replication stress and deregulation of DNA damage repair pathways representing the most documented mechanisms. The discovery that non-coding RNA molecules are deeply dysregulated in MM and can target pivotal components of GI pathways has introduced a further layer of complexity to the GI scenario in this disease. In this review, we will summarize available information on the molecular determinants of GI in MM, focusing on the role of non-coding RNAs as novel means to tackle GI for therapeutic intervention.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/9/2127multiple myelomaDNA repairgenomic instabilityDNA damage responsebase excision repairhomologous recombination |
| spellingShingle | Elisa Taiana Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio Vanessa Katia Favasuli Cecilia Bandini Giuseppe Viglietto Roberto Piva Antonino Neri Nicola Amodio Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” Perspective Cancers multiple myeloma DNA repair genomic instability DNA damage response base excision repair homologous recombination |
| title | Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” Perspective |
| title_full | Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” Perspective |
| title_short | Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma: A “Non-Coding RNA” Perspective |
| title_sort | genomic instability in multiple myeloma a non coding rna perspective |
| topic | multiple myeloma DNA repair genomic instability DNA damage response base excision repair homologous recombination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/9/2127 |
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