Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis Pillars
The heavy impact of obesity on both the population general health and the economy makes clarifying the underlying mechanisms, identifying pharmacological targets, and developing efficient therapies for obesity of high importance. The main struggle facing obesity research is that the underlying mecha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/8/875 |
| _version_ | 1797560622313897984 |
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| author | Abdelaziz Ghanemi Aicha Melouane Mayumi Yoshioka Jonny St-Amand |
| author_facet | Abdelaziz Ghanemi Aicha Melouane Mayumi Yoshioka Jonny St-Amand |
| author_sort | Abdelaziz Ghanemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The heavy impact of obesity on both the population general health and the economy makes clarifying the underlying mechanisms, identifying pharmacological targets, and developing efficient therapies for obesity of high importance. The main struggle facing obesity research is that the underlying mechanistic pathways are yet to be fully revealed. This limits both our understanding of pathogenesis and therapeutic progress toward treating the obesity epidemic. The current anti-obesity approaches are mainly a controlled diet and exercise which could have limitations. For instance, the “classical” anti-obesity approach of exercise might not be practical for patients suffering from disabilities that prevent them from routine exercise. Therefore, therapeutic alternatives are urgently required. Within this context, pharmacological agents could be relatively efficient in association to an adequate diet that remains the most efficient approach in such situation. Herein, we put a spotlight on potential therapeutic targets for obesity identified following differential genes expression-based studies aiming to find genes that are differentially expressed under diverse conditions depending on physical activity and diet (mainly high-fat), two key factors influencing obesity development and prognosis. Such functional genomics approaches contribute to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that both control obesity development and switch the genetic, biochemical, and metabolic pathways toward a specific energy balance phenotype. It is important to clarify that by “gene-related pathways”, we refer to genes, the corresponding proteins and their potential receptors, the enzymes and molecules within both the cells in the intercellular space, that are related to the activation, the regulation, or the inactivation of the gene or its corresponding protein or pathways. We believe that this emerging area of functional genomics-related exploration will not only lead to novel mechanisms but also new applications and implications along with a new generation of treatments for obesity and the related metabolic disorders especially with the modern advances in pharmacological drug targeting and functional genomics techniques. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:03:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d6ee838d44247299a746483ba1654bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:03:12Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d6ee838d44247299a746483ba1654bd2023-11-20T08:43:09ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-07-0111887510.3390/genes11080875Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis PillarsAbdelaziz Ghanemi0Aicha Melouane1Mayumi Yoshioka2Jonny St-Amand3Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaFunctional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, CanadaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaThe heavy impact of obesity on both the population general health and the economy makes clarifying the underlying mechanisms, identifying pharmacological targets, and developing efficient therapies for obesity of high importance. The main struggle facing obesity research is that the underlying mechanistic pathways are yet to be fully revealed. This limits both our understanding of pathogenesis and therapeutic progress toward treating the obesity epidemic. The current anti-obesity approaches are mainly a controlled diet and exercise which could have limitations. For instance, the “classical” anti-obesity approach of exercise might not be practical for patients suffering from disabilities that prevent them from routine exercise. Therefore, therapeutic alternatives are urgently required. Within this context, pharmacological agents could be relatively efficient in association to an adequate diet that remains the most efficient approach in such situation. Herein, we put a spotlight on potential therapeutic targets for obesity identified following differential genes expression-based studies aiming to find genes that are differentially expressed under diverse conditions depending on physical activity and diet (mainly high-fat), two key factors influencing obesity development and prognosis. Such functional genomics approaches contribute to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that both control obesity development and switch the genetic, biochemical, and metabolic pathways toward a specific energy balance phenotype. It is important to clarify that by “gene-related pathways”, we refer to genes, the corresponding proteins and their potential receptors, the enzymes and molecules within both the cells in the intercellular space, that are related to the activation, the regulation, or the inactivation of the gene or its corresponding protein or pathways. We believe that this emerging area of functional genomics-related exploration will not only lead to novel mechanisms but also new applications and implications along with a new generation of treatments for obesity and the related metabolic disorders especially with the modern advances in pharmacological drug targeting and functional genomics techniques.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/8/875obesitydifferential genes expressionexercisehigh-fat dietpathwayspotential therapeutic targets |
| spellingShingle | Abdelaziz Ghanemi Aicha Melouane Mayumi Yoshioka Jonny St-Amand Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis Pillars Genes obesity differential genes expression exercise high-fat diet pathways potential therapeutic targets |
| title | Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis Pillars |
| title_full | Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis Pillars |
| title_fullStr | Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis Pillars |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis Pillars |
| title_short | Exercise and High-Fat Diet in Obesity: Functional Genomics Perspectives of Two Energy Homeostasis Pillars |
| title_sort | exercise and high fat diet in obesity functional genomics perspectives of two energy homeostasis pillars |
| topic | obesity differential genes expression exercise high-fat diet pathways potential therapeutic targets |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/8/875 |
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