Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic review
Abstract Background Sero- prevalence studies often have a problem of missing data. Few studies report the proportion of missing data and even fewer describe the methods used to adjust the results for missing data. The objective of this review was to determine the analytical methods used for analysis...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Medical Research Methodology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-020-00944-w |
| _version_ | 1811294380909133824 |
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| author | Neema R. Mosha Omololu S. Aluko Jim Todd Rhoderick Machekano Taryn Young |
| author_facet | Neema R. Mosha Omololu S. Aluko Jim Todd Rhoderick Machekano Taryn Young |
| author_sort | Neema R. Mosha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sero- prevalence studies often have a problem of missing data. Few studies report the proportion of missing data and even fewer describe the methods used to adjust the results for missing data. The objective of this review was to determine the analytical methods used for analysis in HIV surveys with missing data. Methods We searched for population, demographic and cross-sectional surveys of HIV published from January 2000 to April 2018 in Pub Med/Medline, Web of Science core collection, Latin American and Caribbean Sciences Literature, Africa-Wide Information and Scopus, and by reviewing references of included articles. All potential abstracts were imported into Covidence and abstracts screened by two independent reviewers using pre-specified criteria. Disagreements were resolved through discussion. A piloted data extraction tool was used to extract data and assess the risk of bias of the eligible studies. Data were analysed through a quantitative approach; variables were presented and summarised using figures and tables. Results A total of 3426 citations where identified, 194 duplicates removed, 3232 screened and 69 full articles were obtained. Twenty-four studies were included. The response rate for an HIV test of the included studies ranged from 32 to 96% with the major reason for the missing data being refusal to consent for an HIV test. Complete case analysis was the primary method of analysis used, multiple imputations 11(46%) was the most advanced method used, followed by the Heckman’s selection model 9(38%). Single Imputation and Instrumental variables method were used in only two studies each, with 13(54%) other different methods used in several studies. Forty-two percent of the studies applied more than two methods in the analysis, with a maximum of 4 methods per study. Only 6(25%) studies conducted a sensitivity analysis, while 11(46%) studies had a significant change of estimates after adjusting for missing data. Conclusion Missing data in survey studies is still a problem in disease estimation. Our review outlined a number of methods that can be used to adjust for missing data on HIV studies; however, more information and awareness are needed to allow informed choices on which method to be applied for the estimates to be more reliable and representative. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:16:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d7bffae2d9a4ff6b51ffdcf617aea84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2288 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:16:42Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Medical Research Methodology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d7bffae2d9a4ff6b51ffdcf617aea842022-12-22T03:00:52ZengBMCBMC Medical Research Methodology1471-22882020-03-0120111010.1186/s12874-020-00944-wAnalytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic reviewNeema R. Mosha0Omololu S. Aluko1Jim Todd2Rhoderick Machekano3Taryn Young4Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityNational Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza CentreDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityAbstract Background Sero- prevalence studies often have a problem of missing data. Few studies report the proportion of missing data and even fewer describe the methods used to adjust the results for missing data. The objective of this review was to determine the analytical methods used for analysis in HIV surveys with missing data. Methods We searched for population, demographic and cross-sectional surveys of HIV published from January 2000 to April 2018 in Pub Med/Medline, Web of Science core collection, Latin American and Caribbean Sciences Literature, Africa-Wide Information and Scopus, and by reviewing references of included articles. All potential abstracts were imported into Covidence and abstracts screened by two independent reviewers using pre-specified criteria. Disagreements were resolved through discussion. A piloted data extraction tool was used to extract data and assess the risk of bias of the eligible studies. Data were analysed through a quantitative approach; variables were presented and summarised using figures and tables. Results A total of 3426 citations where identified, 194 duplicates removed, 3232 screened and 69 full articles were obtained. Twenty-four studies were included. The response rate for an HIV test of the included studies ranged from 32 to 96% with the major reason for the missing data being refusal to consent for an HIV test. Complete case analysis was the primary method of analysis used, multiple imputations 11(46%) was the most advanced method used, followed by the Heckman’s selection model 9(38%). Single Imputation and Instrumental variables method were used in only two studies each, with 13(54%) other different methods used in several studies. Forty-two percent of the studies applied more than two methods in the analysis, with a maximum of 4 methods per study. Only 6(25%) studies conducted a sensitivity analysis, while 11(46%) studies had a significant change of estimates after adjusting for missing data. Conclusion Missing data in survey studies is still a problem in disease estimation. Our review outlined a number of methods that can be used to adjust for missing data on HIV studies; however, more information and awareness are needed to allow informed choices on which method to be applied for the estimates to be more reliable and representative.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-020-00944-wMissing dataNon-responseSurveysHIV/AIDS |
| spellingShingle | Neema R. Mosha Omololu S. Aluko Jim Todd Rhoderick Machekano Taryn Young Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic review BMC Medical Research Methodology Missing data Non-response Surveys HIV/AIDS |
| title | Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic review |
| title_full | Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic review |
| title_short | Analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of HIV/AIDS from demographic and cross-sectional surveys with missing data: a systematic review |
| title_sort | analytical methods used in estimating the prevalence of hiv aids from demographic and cross sectional surveys with missing data a systematic review |
| topic | Missing data Non-response Surveys HIV/AIDS |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-020-00944-w |
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