Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port Data
Ports in China are facing significant pressure to reduce carbon emissions in alignment with carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. Onshore power supply (OPS) is regarded as a promising approach to accomplish these targets, necessitating a thorough evaluation of its impact for port authorities to m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/9/1780 |
| _version_ | 1827725699075538944 |
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| author | Daogui Tang Tao Jiang Chaoyuan Xu Zhe Chen Yupeng Yuan Wuyou Zhao Josep M. Guerrero |
| author_facet | Daogui Tang Tao Jiang Chaoyuan Xu Zhe Chen Yupeng Yuan Wuyou Zhao Josep M. Guerrero |
| author_sort | Daogui Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ports in China are facing significant pressure to reduce carbon emissions in alignment with carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. Onshore power supply (OPS) is regarded as a promising approach to accomplish these targets, necessitating a thorough evaluation of its impact for port authorities to make informed decisions regarding its adoption. This research focuses on Ningbo Zhoushan Port, the largest port globally, as a case study. Two metrics are proposed to quantify the energy efficiency of ships powered by onshore energy while berthed. The installation and connection status of OPS in the port area are analyzed. Subsequently, the energy demand of berthed ships is assessed, and the potential for energy efficiency improvement resulting from OPS implementation is evaluated using Monte Carlo methods. The findings reveal untapped potential in the studied port area, with OPS demonstrating the ability to improve energy efficiency of berthed ships at a rate parallel to the connection rate, excluding indirect emissions. However, considering indirect emissions and energy loss diminishes the effectiveness of OPS. The paper discusses practical implications for enhancing the energy efficiency of OPS, enabling port authorities to make well-informed decisions. These findings are invaluable for Chinese port authorities striving to achieve carbon reduction goals and enhance sustainability in the maritime industry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d7c58321c9d4eb89f25bc92e1914909 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d7c58321c9d4eb89f25bc92e19149092023-11-19T11:27:17ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-09-01119178010.3390/jmse11091780Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port DataDaogui Tang0Tao Jiang1Chaoyuan Xu2Zhe Chen3Yupeng Yuan4Wuyou Zhao5Josep M. Guerrero6School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, ChinaNingbo Zhoushan Port Group Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315100, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, ChinaSchool of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, ChinaCollege of Design & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, SingaporeCenter for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg East, DenmarkPorts in China are facing significant pressure to reduce carbon emissions in alignment with carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. Onshore power supply (OPS) is regarded as a promising approach to accomplish these targets, necessitating a thorough evaluation of its impact for port authorities to make informed decisions regarding its adoption. This research focuses on Ningbo Zhoushan Port, the largest port globally, as a case study. Two metrics are proposed to quantify the energy efficiency of ships powered by onshore energy while berthed. The installation and connection status of OPS in the port area are analyzed. Subsequently, the energy demand of berthed ships is assessed, and the potential for energy efficiency improvement resulting from OPS implementation is evaluated using Monte Carlo methods. The findings reveal untapped potential in the studied port area, with OPS demonstrating the ability to improve energy efficiency of berthed ships at a rate parallel to the connection rate, excluding indirect emissions. However, considering indirect emissions and energy loss diminishes the effectiveness of OPS. The paper discusses practical implications for enhancing the energy efficiency of OPS, enabling port authorities to make well-informed decisions. These findings are invaluable for Chinese port authorities striving to achieve carbon reduction goals and enhance sustainability in the maritime industry.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/9/1780energy efficiencyonshore power supplygreen portsberthed shipsair pollution |
| spellingShingle | Daogui Tang Tao Jiang Chaoyuan Xu Zhe Chen Yupeng Yuan Wuyou Zhao Josep M. Guerrero Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port Data Journal of Marine Science and Engineering energy efficiency onshore power supply green ports berthed ships air pollution |
| title | Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port Data |
| title_full | Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port Data |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port Data |
| title_short | Assessing the Potential for Energy Efficiency Improvement through Cold Ironing: A Monte Carlo Analysis with Real Port Data |
| title_sort | assessing the potential for energy efficiency improvement through cold ironing a monte carlo analysis with real port data |
| topic | energy efficiency onshore power supply green ports berthed ships air pollution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/9/1780 |
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