The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative Review
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) are the most common and severe public health problem nowadays. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional glycoprotein highly expressed at atherosclerotic plaque, which has emerged as a potential biomarker of ASCVDs. OPN may act as an inflammatory mediato...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3178 |
| _version_ | 1797381969238032384 |
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| author | Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou Elina Khattab Nikolaos Velidakis Evangelia Gkougkoudi |
| author_facet | Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou Elina Khattab Nikolaos Velidakis Evangelia Gkougkoudi |
| author_sort | Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) are the most common and severe public health problem nowadays. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional glycoprotein highly expressed at atherosclerotic plaque, which has emerged as a potential biomarker of ASCVDs. OPN may act as an inflammatory mediator and/or a vascular calcification (VC) mediator, contributing to atherosclerosis progression and eventual plaque destabilization. In this article, we discuss the complex role of OPN in ASCVD pathophysiology, since many in vitro and in vivo experimental data indicate that OPN contributes to macrophage activation and differentiation, monocyte infiltration, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation and lipid core formation within atherosclerotic plaques. Most but not all studies reported that OPN may inhibit atherosclerotic plaque calcification, making it “vulnerable”. Regarding clinical evidence, serum OPN levels may become a biomarker of coronary artery disease (CAD) presence and severity. Significantly higher OPN levels have been found in patients with acute coronary syndromes than those with stable CAD. In limited studies of patients with peripheral artery disease, circulating OPN concentrations may be predictive of future major adverse cardiovascular events. Overall, the current literature search suggests the contribution of OPN to atherosclerosis development and progression, but more robust evidence is required. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:58:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d7cd675428f45198210c3d20d5e2aa8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:58:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d7cd675428f45198210c3d20d5e2aa82023-12-22T13:54:52ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-11-011112317810.3390/biomedicines11123178The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative ReviewNikolaos P. E. Kadoglou0Elina Khattab1Nikolaos Velidakis2Evangelia Gkougkoudi3Medical School, University of Cyprus, 215/6 Old Road Lefkosis-Lemesou, Aglatzia, Nicosia CY 2029, CyprusMedical School, University of Cyprus, 215/6 Old Road Lefkosis-Lemesou, Aglatzia, Nicosia CY 2029, CyprusMedical School, University of Cyprus, 215/6 Old Road Lefkosis-Lemesou, Aglatzia, Nicosia CY 2029, CyprusMedical School, University of Cyprus, 215/6 Old Road Lefkosis-Lemesou, Aglatzia, Nicosia CY 2029, CyprusAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) are the most common and severe public health problem nowadays. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional glycoprotein highly expressed at atherosclerotic plaque, which has emerged as a potential biomarker of ASCVDs. OPN may act as an inflammatory mediator and/or a vascular calcification (VC) mediator, contributing to atherosclerosis progression and eventual plaque destabilization. In this article, we discuss the complex role of OPN in ASCVD pathophysiology, since many in vitro and in vivo experimental data indicate that OPN contributes to macrophage activation and differentiation, monocyte infiltration, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation and lipid core formation within atherosclerotic plaques. Most but not all studies reported that OPN may inhibit atherosclerotic plaque calcification, making it “vulnerable”. Regarding clinical evidence, serum OPN levels may become a biomarker of coronary artery disease (CAD) presence and severity. Significantly higher OPN levels have been found in patients with acute coronary syndromes than those with stable CAD. In limited studies of patients with peripheral artery disease, circulating OPN concentrations may be predictive of future major adverse cardiovascular events. Overall, the current literature search suggests the contribution of OPN to atherosclerosis development and progression, but more robust evidence is required.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3178osteopontinvascular calcificationatherosclerosiscoronary artery diseaseperipheral artery disease |
| spellingShingle | Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou Elina Khattab Nikolaos Velidakis Evangelia Gkougkoudi The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative Review Biomedicines osteopontin vascular calcification atherosclerosis coronary artery disease peripheral artery disease |
| title | The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative Review |
| title_full | The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative Review |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative Review |
| title_short | The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases)—A Narrative Review |
| title_sort | role of osteopontin in atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases a narrative review |
| topic | osteopontin vascular calcification atherosclerosis coronary artery disease peripheral artery disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3178 |
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