Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies
Diabetes is a metabolic disease which affects not only glucose metabolism but also lipid and protein metabolism. It encompasses two major types: type 1 and 2 diabetes. Despite the different etiologies of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), the defining features of the two f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/7/2388 |
| _version_ | 1797417372895674368 |
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| author | Gitika Thakur Hyeon-Jeong Lee Ryoung-Hoon Jeon Sung-Lim Lee Gyu-Jin Rho |
| author_facet | Gitika Thakur Hyeon-Jeong Lee Ryoung-Hoon Jeon Sung-Lim Lee Gyu-Jin Rho |
| author_sort | Gitika Thakur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetes is a metabolic disease which affects not only glucose metabolism but also lipid and protein metabolism. It encompasses two major types: type 1 and 2 diabetes. Despite the different etiologies of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), the defining features of the two forms are insulin deficiency and resistance, respectively. Stem cell therapy is an efficient method for the treatment of diabetes, which can be achieved by differentiating pancreatic β-like cells. The consistent generation of glucose-responsive insulin releasing cells remains challenging. In this review article, we present basic concepts of pancreatic organogenesis, which intermittently provides a basis for engineering differentiation procedures, mainly based on the use of small molecules. Small molecules are more auspicious than any other growth factors, as they have unique, valuable properties like cell-permeability, as well as a nonimmunogenic nature; furthermore, they offer immense benefits in terms of generating efficient functional beta-like cells. We also summarize advances in the generation of stem cell-derived pancreatic cell lineages, especially endocrine β-like cells or islet organoids. The successful induction of stem cells depends on the quantity and quality of available stem cells and the efficient use of small molecules. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:17:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d9ae9596e2647f8bc22fe79242edba9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:17:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d9ae9596e2647f8bc22fe79242edba92023-12-03T11:50:49ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-03-01217238810.3390/ijms21072388Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available StrategiesGitika Thakur0Hyeon-Jeong Lee1Ryoung-Hoon Jeon2Sung-Lim Lee3Gyu-Jin Rho4Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDepartment of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USADepartment of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDepartment of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, KoreaDiabetes is a metabolic disease which affects not only glucose metabolism but also lipid and protein metabolism. It encompasses two major types: type 1 and 2 diabetes. Despite the different etiologies of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), the defining features of the two forms are insulin deficiency and resistance, respectively. Stem cell therapy is an efficient method for the treatment of diabetes, which can be achieved by differentiating pancreatic β-like cells. The consistent generation of glucose-responsive insulin releasing cells remains challenging. In this review article, we present basic concepts of pancreatic organogenesis, which intermittently provides a basis for engineering differentiation procedures, mainly based on the use of small molecules. Small molecules are more auspicious than any other growth factors, as they have unique, valuable properties like cell-permeability, as well as a nonimmunogenic nature; furthermore, they offer immense benefits in terms of generating efficient functional beta-like cells. We also summarize advances in the generation of stem cell-derived pancreatic cell lineages, especially endocrine β-like cells or islet organoids. The successful induction of stem cells depends on the quantity and quality of available stem cells and the efficient use of small molecules.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/7/2388diabetespancreatic differentiationsmall moleculespancreatic beta-like cellsislet organoids |
| spellingShingle | Gitika Thakur Hyeon-Jeong Lee Ryoung-Hoon Jeon Sung-Lim Lee Gyu-Jin Rho Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies International Journal of Molecular Sciences diabetes pancreatic differentiation small molecules pancreatic beta-like cells islet organoids |
| title | Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies |
| title_full | Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies |
| title_fullStr | Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies |
| title_short | Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies |
| title_sort | small molecule induced pancreatic β like cell development mechanistic approaches and available strategies |
| topic | diabetes pancreatic differentiation small molecules pancreatic beta-like cells islet organoids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/7/2388 |
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