Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal Soil
Bioenergy plays a major role as a renewable energy source in the European Union. Solid biomass is derived mainly as wood from forests and wood processing plants. Willow plantations set up on marginal lands can be a supplementary source of wood for energy generation. This study aimed to determine the...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-04-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/9/2144 |
| _version_ | 1797569132855558144 |
|---|---|
| author | Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski Stefan Szczukowski Michał Krzyżaniak Józef Tworkowski |
| author_facet | Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski Stefan Szczukowski Michał Krzyżaniak Józef Tworkowski |
| author_sort | Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bioenergy plays a major role as a renewable energy source in the European Union. Solid biomass is derived mainly as wood from forests and wood processing plants. Willow plantations set up on marginal lands can be a supplementary source of wood for energy generation. This study aimed to determine the energy value of yield and the thermophysical properties and elemental composition of the biomass of 7-year rotation willow harvested on marginal soil. Three varieties and three clones were cultivated in the Eko-Salix system on three marginal soils in northern Poland: riparian, alluvial soil, classified as heavy complete humic alluvial soil (Obory); organic, peat–muck soil formed from peat (Kocibórz); very heavy mineral clay soil (Leginy). Favourable conditions for obtaining high energy value biomass were at Kocibórz and Obory with a high groundwater level. The energy value of biomass at Leginy was lower than at Kocibórz and Obory (by 33% and 26%, respectively). The Ekotur variety had the significantly highest yield energy value (217 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>) among the varieties and clones under study. This feature at Kocibórz and Obory was 288 and 225 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and 139 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> at Leginy. Moreover, the biomass of this variety contained less ash (1.1% d.m.), sulphur (0.03% d.m.) and nitrogen (0.28% d.m.), which is beneficial from the energy-use perspective. Notably, the yield energy value of the UWM 095 clone biomass was also high (167 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>). This study showed that willow grown in the Eco-Salix system can be a significant source of energy contained in good-quality woody biomass. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:07:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7dad3b258df24db28e28140e366128d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:07:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-7dad3b258df24db28e28140e366128d02023-11-19T23:11:02ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-04-01139214410.3390/en13092144Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal SoilMariusz Jerzy Stolarski0Stefan Szczukowski1Michał Krzyżaniak2Józef Tworkowski3Centre for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, PolandCentre for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, PolandCentre for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, PolandCentre for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, PolandBioenergy plays a major role as a renewable energy source in the European Union. Solid biomass is derived mainly as wood from forests and wood processing plants. Willow plantations set up on marginal lands can be a supplementary source of wood for energy generation. This study aimed to determine the energy value of yield and the thermophysical properties and elemental composition of the biomass of 7-year rotation willow harvested on marginal soil. Three varieties and three clones were cultivated in the Eko-Salix system on three marginal soils in northern Poland: riparian, alluvial soil, classified as heavy complete humic alluvial soil (Obory); organic, peat–muck soil formed from peat (Kocibórz); very heavy mineral clay soil (Leginy). Favourable conditions for obtaining high energy value biomass were at Kocibórz and Obory with a high groundwater level. The energy value of biomass at Leginy was lower than at Kocibórz and Obory (by 33% and 26%, respectively). The Ekotur variety had the significantly highest yield energy value (217 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>) among the varieties and clones under study. This feature at Kocibórz and Obory was 288 and 225 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and 139 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> at Leginy. Moreover, the biomass of this variety contained less ash (1.1% d.m.), sulphur (0.03% d.m.) and nitrogen (0.28% d.m.), which is beneficial from the energy-use perspective. Notably, the yield energy value of the UWM 095 clone biomass was also high (167 GJ ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>). This study showed that willow grown in the Eco-Salix system can be a significant source of energy contained in good-quality woody biomass.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/9/2144willow woodmarginal landbiomassyield energy valueelemental composition |
| spellingShingle | Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski Stefan Szczukowski Michał Krzyżaniak Józef Tworkowski Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal Soil Energies willow wood marginal land biomass yield energy value elemental composition |
| title | Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal Soil |
| title_full | Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal Soil |
| title_fullStr | Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal Soil |
| title_short | Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality in a 7-Year Rotation of Willow Cultivated on Marginal Soil |
| title_sort | energy value of yield and biomass quality in a 7 year rotation of willow cultivated on marginal soil |
| topic | willow wood marginal land biomass yield energy value elemental composition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/9/2144 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mariuszjerzystolarski energyvalueofyieldandbiomassqualityina7yearrotationofwillowcultivatedonmarginalsoil AT stefanszczukowski energyvalueofyieldandbiomassqualityina7yearrotationofwillowcultivatedonmarginalsoil AT michałkrzyzaniak energyvalueofyieldandbiomassqualityina7yearrotationofwillowcultivatedonmarginalsoil AT jozeftworkowski energyvalueofyieldandbiomassqualityina7yearrotationofwillowcultivatedonmarginalsoil |