Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial Activities
Carbon dots (CDots) are generally defined as small-carbon nanoparticles with surface organic functionalization and their classical synthesis is literally the functionalization of preexisting carbon nanoparticles. Other than these “classically defined CDots”, however, the majority of the dot samples...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/8/4/54 |
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| author | Audrey F. Adcock Ping Wang Elton Y. Cao Lin Ge Yongan Tang Isaiah S. Ferguson Fares S. Abu Sweilem Lauren Petta William Cannon Liju Yang Christopher E. Bunker Ya-Ping Sun |
| author_facet | Audrey F. Adcock Ping Wang Elton Y. Cao Lin Ge Yongan Tang Isaiah S. Ferguson Fares S. Abu Sweilem Lauren Petta William Cannon Liju Yang Christopher E. Bunker Ya-Ping Sun |
| author_sort | Audrey F. Adcock |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbon dots (CDots) are generally defined as small-carbon nanoparticles with surface organic functionalization and their classical synthesis is literally the functionalization of preexisting carbon nanoparticles. Other than these “classically defined CDots”, however, the majority of the dot samples reported in the literature were prepared by thermal carbonization of organic precursors in mostly “one-pot” processing. In this work, thermal processing of the selected precursors intended for carbonization was performed with conditions of 200 °C for 3 h, 330 °C for 6 h, and heating by microwave irradiation, yielding samples denoted as CS200, CS330, and CS<sub>MT</sub>, respectively. These samples are structurally different from the classical CDots and should be considered as “nano-carbon/organic hybrids”. Their optical spectroscopic properties were found comparable to those of the classical CDots, but very different in the related photoinduced antibacterial activities. Mechanistic origins of the divergence were explored, with the results suggesting major factors associated with the structural and morphological characteristics of the hybrids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:14:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7db6f04158364351b0b0adc80398c75f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5629 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:14:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | C |
| spelling | doaj.art-7db6f04158364351b0b0adc80398c75f2023-11-24T13:49:15ZengMDPI AGC2311-56292022-10-01845410.3390/c8040054Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial ActivitiesAudrey F. Adcock0Ping Wang1Elton Y. Cao2Lin Ge3Yongan Tang4Isaiah S. Ferguson5Fares S. Abu Sweilem6Lauren Petta7William Cannon8Liju Yang9Christopher E. Bunker10Ya-Ping Sun11Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USAAir Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Mathematics and Physics, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USAAir Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USACarbon dots (CDots) are generally defined as small-carbon nanoparticles with surface organic functionalization and their classical synthesis is literally the functionalization of preexisting carbon nanoparticles. Other than these “classically defined CDots”, however, the majority of the dot samples reported in the literature were prepared by thermal carbonization of organic precursors in mostly “one-pot” processing. In this work, thermal processing of the selected precursors intended for carbonization was performed with conditions of 200 °C for 3 h, 330 °C for 6 h, and heating by microwave irradiation, yielding samples denoted as CS200, CS330, and CS<sub>MT</sub>, respectively. These samples are structurally different from the classical CDots and should be considered as “nano-carbon/organic hybrids”. Their optical spectroscopic properties were found comparable to those of the classical CDots, but very different in the related photoinduced antibacterial activities. Mechanistic origins of the divergence were explored, with the results suggesting major factors associated with the structural and morphological characteristics of the hybrids.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/8/4/54carbon dotsnano-carbon/organic hybridsthermal carbonizationoptical spectroscopyphotoinduced antibacterial |
| spellingShingle | Audrey F. Adcock Ping Wang Elton Y. Cao Lin Ge Yongan Tang Isaiah S. Ferguson Fares S. Abu Sweilem Lauren Petta William Cannon Liju Yang Christopher E. Bunker Ya-Ping Sun Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial Activities C carbon dots nano-carbon/organic hybrids thermal carbonization optical spectroscopy photoinduced antibacterial |
| title | Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial Activities |
| title_full | Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial Activities |
| title_fullStr | Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial Activities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial Activities |
| title_short | Carbon Dots versus Nano-Carbon/Organic Hybrids—Divergence between Optical Properties and Photoinduced Antimicrobial Activities |
| title_sort | carbon dots versus nano carbon organic hybrids divergence between optical properties and photoinduced antimicrobial activities |
| topic | carbon dots nano-carbon/organic hybrids thermal carbonization optical spectroscopy photoinduced antibacterial |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/8/4/54 |
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