Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation Modeling
This study examines the role played by individual characteristics and specific treatment methods in the evolution of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), through the lens of an observational study performed in a comparative approach between the first and second waves of co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/9/1958 |
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| author | Alexandra Mocanu Gratiela Georgiana Noja Alin Viorel Istodor Georgiana Moise Marius Leretter Laura-Cristina Rusu Adina Maria Marza Alexandru Ovidiu Mederle |
| author_facet | Alexandra Mocanu Gratiela Georgiana Noja Alin Viorel Istodor Georgiana Moise Marius Leretter Laura-Cristina Rusu Adina Maria Marza Alexandru Ovidiu Mederle |
| author_sort | Alexandra Mocanu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examines the role played by individual characteristics and specific treatment methods in the evolution of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), through the lens of an observational study performed in a comparative approach between the first and second waves of coronavirus pandemic in Romania. The research endeavor is configured on a two-fold approach, including a detailed observation of the evolution of 274 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (145 in the first wave and 129 in the second wave of infection) according to specific treatment methods applied and patients’ individual features, as well as an econometric (quantitative) analysis through structural equation modeling and Gaussian graphical models designed to acknowledge the correlations and causal relationship between all considered coordinates. The main results highlight that the specific treatment methods applied had a positive influence on the evolution of COVID-19 patients, particularly in the second wave of coronavirus pandemic. In case of the first wave of COVID-19 infection, GGM results entail that there is a strong positive correlation between the evolution of the patients and the COVID-19 disease form, which is further positively correlated with the treatment scheme. The evolution of the patients is strongly and inversely correlated with the symptomatology and the ICU hospitalization. Moreover, the disease form is strongly and inversely correlated with oxygen saturation and the residence of patients (urban/rural). The symptomatology at first appearance also strongly depends on the age of the patients (positive correlation) and of the fact that the patient is a smoker or non-smoker and has other comorbidities. Age and gender are also important credentials that shape the disease degree and patient evolution in responding to treatment as well, our study attesting strong interconnections between these coordinates, the form of disease, symptomatology and overall evolution of the patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:44:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7dc3c9ae1096472f9219148a8ccc1e00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:44:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-7dc3c9ae1096472f9219148a8ccc1e002023-11-21T18:12:06ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-05-01109195810.3390/jcm10091958Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation ModelingAlexandra Mocanu0Gratiela Georgiana Noja1Alin Viorel Istodor2Georgiana Moise3Marius Leretter4Laura-Cristina Rusu5Adina Maria Marza6Alexandru Ovidiu Mederle7Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Marketing and International Economic Relations, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, West University of Timisoara, 16 Pestalozzi Street, 300115 Timisoara, RomaniaFirst Department of Surgery, Second Discipline of Surgical Semiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Clinical Hospital Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Prosthodontics, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Oral Pathology, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Surgery, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Surgery, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaThis study examines the role played by individual characteristics and specific treatment methods in the evolution of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), through the lens of an observational study performed in a comparative approach between the first and second waves of coronavirus pandemic in Romania. The research endeavor is configured on a two-fold approach, including a detailed observation of the evolution of 274 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (145 in the first wave and 129 in the second wave of infection) according to specific treatment methods applied and patients’ individual features, as well as an econometric (quantitative) analysis through structural equation modeling and Gaussian graphical models designed to acknowledge the correlations and causal relationship between all considered coordinates. The main results highlight that the specific treatment methods applied had a positive influence on the evolution of COVID-19 patients, particularly in the second wave of coronavirus pandemic. In case of the first wave of COVID-19 infection, GGM results entail that there is a strong positive correlation between the evolution of the patients and the COVID-19 disease form, which is further positively correlated with the treatment scheme. The evolution of the patients is strongly and inversely correlated with the symptomatology and the ICU hospitalization. Moreover, the disease form is strongly and inversely correlated with oxygen saturation and the residence of patients (urban/rural). The symptomatology at first appearance also strongly depends on the age of the patients (positive correlation) and of the fact that the patient is a smoker or non-smoker and has other comorbidities. Age and gender are also important credentials that shape the disease degree and patient evolution in responding to treatment as well, our study attesting strong interconnections between these coordinates, the form of disease, symptomatology and overall evolution of the patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/9/1958coronavirus pandemicCOVID-19diseasetreatmentstrategyeconometric modeling |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Mocanu Gratiela Georgiana Noja Alin Viorel Istodor Georgiana Moise Marius Leretter Laura-Cristina Rusu Adina Maria Marza Alexandru Ovidiu Mederle Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation Modeling Journal of Clinical Medicine coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 disease treatment strategy econometric modeling |
| title | Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation Modeling |
| title_full | Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation Modeling |
| title_fullStr | Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation Modeling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation Modeling |
| title_short | Individual Characteristics as Prognostic Factors of the Evolution of Hospitalized COVID-19 Romanian Patients: A Comparative Observational Study between the First and Second Waves Based on Gaussian Graphical Models and Structural Equation Modeling |
| title_sort | individual characteristics as prognostic factors of the evolution of hospitalized covid 19 romanian patients a comparative observational study between the first and second waves based on gaussian graphical models and structural equation modeling |
| topic | coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 disease treatment strategy econometric modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/9/1958 |
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