Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication Ezetimibe
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are human-made compounds with a widespread presence in human blood and other organs. PFAS have been associated with multiple health effects, including higher serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Objective: Potential population differences in s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/12/799 |
| _version_ | 1797455105932394496 |
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| author | Ge Ma Alan Ducatman |
| author_facet | Ge Ma Alan Ducatman |
| author_sort | Ge Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are human-made compounds with a widespread presence in human blood and other organs. PFAS have been associated with multiple health effects, including higher serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Objective: Potential population differences in serum PFAS attributable to ezetimibe, a medication that inhibits cholesterol absorption, are of interest for several reasons. The “C8” Health Project survey data from six contaminated water districts in the mid-Ohio Valley of the United States provide a wide enough range of serum PFAS and a sufficient number of ezetimibe takers to explore this topic. Methods: A total of 44,126 adult participants of the C8 Health Survey were included in the community-based study. The status of taking (1075) or non-taking of ezetimibe, alone or in combination with another lipid-lowering agent, was acquired. The geometric mean serum concentrations of the four most commonly detected serum PFAS were compared based on the status of ezetimibe use. Results: There is no significant difference in serum concentrations of perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) between ezetimibe users and non-users after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), cigarette smoking, education, and average household income. Conclusion: The sterol absorption-inhibiting medication ezetimibe does not appear to affect serum PFAS concentrations. We sought but did not find direct evidence that ezetimibe could inhibit PFAS uptake nor inferential evidence that inter-individual differences in sterol absorption could provide a confounding factor explanation for the association of serum total- and LDL-cholesterol with serum PFAS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:46:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ddc976331374c24b3c9e50d58f07265 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:46:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ddc976331374c24b3c9e50d58f072652023-11-24T18:26:10ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042022-12-01101279910.3390/toxics10120799Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication EzetimibeGe Ma0Alan Ducatman1RWJ Barnabas Health Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, NJ 07112, USASchool of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USABackground: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are human-made compounds with a widespread presence in human blood and other organs. PFAS have been associated with multiple health effects, including higher serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Objective: Potential population differences in serum PFAS attributable to ezetimibe, a medication that inhibits cholesterol absorption, are of interest for several reasons. The “C8” Health Project survey data from six contaminated water districts in the mid-Ohio Valley of the United States provide a wide enough range of serum PFAS and a sufficient number of ezetimibe takers to explore this topic. Methods: A total of 44,126 adult participants of the C8 Health Survey were included in the community-based study. The status of taking (1075) or non-taking of ezetimibe, alone or in combination with another lipid-lowering agent, was acquired. The geometric mean serum concentrations of the four most commonly detected serum PFAS were compared based on the status of ezetimibe use. Results: There is no significant difference in serum concentrations of perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) between ezetimibe users and non-users after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), cigarette smoking, education, and average household income. Conclusion: The sterol absorption-inhibiting medication ezetimibe does not appear to affect serum PFAS concentrations. We sought but did not find direct evidence that ezetimibe could inhibit PFAS uptake nor inferential evidence that inter-individual differences in sterol absorption could provide a confounding factor explanation for the association of serum total- and LDL-cholesterol with serum PFAS.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/12/799perfluoroalkyl substancecholesterol lowering medicationsezetimibelipids |
| spellingShingle | Ge Ma Alan Ducatman Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication Ezetimibe Toxics perfluoroalkyl substance cholesterol lowering medications ezetimibe lipids |
| title | Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication Ezetimibe |
| title_full | Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication Ezetimibe |
| title_fullStr | Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication Ezetimibe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication Ezetimibe |
| title_short | Perfluoroalkyl Substance Serum Concentrations and Cholesterol Absorption-Inhibiting Medication Ezetimibe |
| title_sort | perfluoroalkyl substance serum concentrations and cholesterol absorption inhibiting medication ezetimibe |
| topic | perfluoroalkyl substance cholesterol lowering medications ezetimibe lipids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/12/799 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gema perfluoroalkylsubstanceserumconcentrationsandcholesterolabsorptioninhibitingmedicationezetimibe AT alanducatman perfluoroalkylsubstanceserumconcentrationsandcholesterolabsorptioninhibitingmedicationezetimibe |