Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer Application
For the ammonia generated in Korea, the contribution rate of livestock manure is high, and a large amount of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) is emitted into the atmosphere during the soil application process. Volatilization of NH<sub>3</sub> is affected by soil characteristics as we...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/2/136 |
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| author | Min-Suk Kim Hyun-Gi Min Namin Koo Jeong-Gyu Kim |
| author_facet | Min-Suk Kim Hyun-Gi Min Namin Koo Jeong-Gyu Kim |
| author_sort | Min-Suk Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For the ammonia generated in Korea, the contribution rate of livestock manure is high, and a large amount of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) is emitted into the atmosphere during the soil application process. Volatilization of NH<sub>3</sub> is affected by soil characteristics as well as manure characteristics, but the current inventory does not sufficiently reflect this. This study was conducted to confirm the change of the NH<sub>3</sub> emitted from liquid fertilizer (LF) due to soil pH and to evaluate the impacts of biochar (BC) on the suppression of NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization. Estimating the NH<sub>3</sub> emission flux using the chamber for 24 soils after LF treatment, it showed a tendency to increase exponentially as the pH in soil increased from 4 to 7. In addition, the parallel treatment of BC and LF increased the soil pH, thereby increasing the NH<sub>3</sub> emission flux. The rise of soil pH due to LF treatment is a temporary phenomenon that appears in the early stage, but since NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization is also highest at the beginning of LF application, the effect of soil characteristics on emission factor and its inventory should be considered when calculating the amount of NH<sub>3</sub> emissions. Therefore, follow-up studies such as subdividing and enhancing the NH<sub>3</sub> emission factor by soil characteristics and developing a reduction coefficient to certify the amount of emission reduction are needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7defbb7ebbad4dfc8d35923a2c1d637c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-7defbb7ebbad4dfc8d35923a2c1d637c2023-12-03T12:43:43ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722021-02-0111213610.3390/agriculture11020136Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer ApplicationMin-Suk Kim0Hyun-Gi Min1Namin Koo2Jeong-Gyu Kim3OJeong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDivision of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Forest Conservation, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, KoreaDivision of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaFor the ammonia generated in Korea, the contribution rate of livestock manure is high, and a large amount of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) is emitted into the atmosphere during the soil application process. Volatilization of NH<sub>3</sub> is affected by soil characteristics as well as manure characteristics, but the current inventory does not sufficiently reflect this. This study was conducted to confirm the change of the NH<sub>3</sub> emitted from liquid fertilizer (LF) due to soil pH and to evaluate the impacts of biochar (BC) on the suppression of NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization. Estimating the NH<sub>3</sub> emission flux using the chamber for 24 soils after LF treatment, it showed a tendency to increase exponentially as the pH in soil increased from 4 to 7. In addition, the parallel treatment of BC and LF increased the soil pH, thereby increasing the NH<sub>3</sub> emission flux. The rise of soil pH due to LF treatment is a temporary phenomenon that appears in the early stage, but since NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization is also highest at the beginning of LF application, the effect of soil characteristics on emission factor and its inventory should be considered when calculating the amount of NH<sub>3</sub> emissions. Therefore, follow-up studies such as subdividing and enhancing the NH<sub>3</sub> emission factor by soil characteristics and developing a reduction coefficient to certify the amount of emission reduction are needed.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/2/136ammoniaemission fluxinventoryspent coffee ground biochar |
| spellingShingle | Min-Suk Kim Hyun-Gi Min Namin Koo Jeong-Gyu Kim Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer Application Agriculture ammonia emission flux inventory spent coffee ground biochar |
| title | Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer Application |
| title_full | Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer Application |
| title_fullStr | Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer Application |
| title_short | Response to Ammonia Emission Flux to Different pH Conditions under Biochar and Liquid Fertilizer Application |
| title_sort | response to ammonia emission flux to different ph conditions under biochar and liquid fertilizer application |
| topic | ammonia emission flux inventory spent coffee ground biochar |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/2/136 |
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