A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal Model
ABSTRACT Bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio include many known and emerging pathogens. Horizontal gene transfer of pathogenicity islands is a major contributor to the emergence of new pathogenic Vibrio strains. Here, we use the brine shrimp Artemia salina as a model and show that the marine bact...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01093-23 |
| _version_ | 1797741770515152896 |
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| author | Hadar Cohen Chaya M. Fridman Motti Gerlic Dor Salomon |
| author_facet | Hadar Cohen Chaya M. Fridman Motti Gerlic Dor Salomon |
| author_sort | Hadar Cohen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio include many known and emerging pathogens. Horizontal gene transfer of pathogenicity islands is a major contributor to the emergence of new pathogenic Vibrio strains. Here, we use the brine shrimp Artemia salina as a model and show that the marine bacterium Vibrio proteolyticus uses a horizontally shared type VI secretion system, T6SS3, to intoxicate a eukaryotic host. Two T6SS3 effectors, which were previously shown to induce inflammasome-mediated pyroptotic cell death in mammalian phagocytic cells, contribute to this toxicity. Furthermore, we find a novel T6SS3 effector that also contributes to the lethality mediated by this system against Artemia salina. Therefore, our results reveal a T6SS that is shared among diverse vibrios and mediates host lethality, indicating that it can lead to the emergence of new pathogenic strains. IMPORTANCE The rise in sea surface temperature has been linked to the spread of bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio and the human illnesses associated with them. Since vibrios often share virulence traits horizontally, a better understanding of their virulence potential and determinants can prepare us for new emerging pathogens. In this work, we showed that a toxin delivery system found in various vibrios mediates lethality in an aquatic animal. Taken together with previous reports showing that the same system induces inflammasome-mediated cell death in mammalian phagocytic cells, our findings suggest that this delivery system and its associated toxins may contribute to the emergence of pathogenic strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:31:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7df22d301c5c4a6c8fda90616966491f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:31:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-7df22d301c5c4a6c8fda90616966491f2023-08-17T13:04:14ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972023-08-0111410.1128/spectrum.01093-23A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal ModelHadar Cohen0Chaya M. Fridman1Motti Gerlic2Dor Salomon3Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, IsraelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, IsraelABSTRACT Bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio include many known and emerging pathogens. Horizontal gene transfer of pathogenicity islands is a major contributor to the emergence of new pathogenic Vibrio strains. Here, we use the brine shrimp Artemia salina as a model and show that the marine bacterium Vibrio proteolyticus uses a horizontally shared type VI secretion system, T6SS3, to intoxicate a eukaryotic host. Two T6SS3 effectors, which were previously shown to induce inflammasome-mediated pyroptotic cell death in mammalian phagocytic cells, contribute to this toxicity. Furthermore, we find a novel T6SS3 effector that also contributes to the lethality mediated by this system against Artemia salina. Therefore, our results reveal a T6SS that is shared among diverse vibrios and mediates host lethality, indicating that it can lead to the emergence of new pathogenic strains. IMPORTANCE The rise in sea surface temperature has been linked to the spread of bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio and the human illnesses associated with them. Since vibrios often share virulence traits horizontally, a better understanding of their virulence potential and determinants can prepare us for new emerging pathogens. In this work, we showed that a toxin delivery system found in various vibrios mediates lethality in an aquatic animal. Taken together with previous reports showing that the same system induces inflammasome-mediated cell death in mammalian phagocytic cells, our findings suggest that this delivery system and its associated toxins may contribute to the emergence of pathogenic strains.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01093-23Vibrio proteolyticussecretioneffectorvirulenceArtemiahost-pathogen interaction |
| spellingShingle | Hadar Cohen Chaya M. Fridman Motti Gerlic Dor Salomon A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal Model Microbiology Spectrum Vibrio proteolyticus secretion effector virulence Artemia host-pathogen interaction |
| title | A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal Model |
| title_full | A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal Model |
| title_fullStr | A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal Model |
| title_short | A Vibrio T6SS-Mediated Lethality in an Aquatic Animal Model |
| title_sort | vibrio t6ss mediated lethality in an aquatic animal model |
| topic | Vibrio proteolyticus secretion effector virulence Artemia host-pathogen interaction |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01093-23 |
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