Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014
Abstract Background Shigella causes approximately 500,000 illnesses, 6000 hospitalizations, and 40 deaths in the United States annually, but incidence and populations at risk for severe shigellosis among adults are unclear. This study describes severe shigellosis among US adults. Methods We analyzed...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-018-5115-4 |
| _version_ | 1818506215536197632 |
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| author | Lindsey S. McCrickard Stacy M. Crim Sunkyung Kim Anna Bowen |
| author_facet | Lindsey S. McCrickard Stacy M. Crim Sunkyung Kim Anna Bowen |
| author_sort | Lindsey S. McCrickard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Shigella causes approximately 500,000 illnesses, 6000 hospitalizations, and 40 deaths in the United States annually, but incidence and populations at risk for severe shigellosis among adults are unclear. This study describes severe shigellosis among US adults. Methods We analyzed Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network data for infections caused by Shigella among adults ≥18 years old during 2002–2014. Criteria to define severe shigellosis included hospitalization, bacteremia, or death. We estimated annual incidence of shigellosis per 100,000 among adult populations, and conducted multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to assess associations between severe shigellosis, demographic factors and Shigella species among adults with shigellosis. Results Among 9968 shigellosis cases, 2764 (28%) were severe. Restricting to cases due to S. sonnei and S. flexneri, median annual incidence of severe shigellosis among adults was 0.56 and highest overall incidence was among black males 18–49 years old (1.58). Among adults with shigellosis, odds of severe disease were higher among males than females aged 18–49 years old (OR [95% CI] = 1.32 [1.15–1.52], p < 0.001) and among males than females with S. flexneri infections (OR [95% CI] =1.39 [1.10–1.75], p = 0.005). The odds of severe shigellosis were higher among blacks than whites (OR [95% CI] = 1.36 [1.22–1.52], p < 0.001). Conclusions Among adults, men 18–49 years old, particularly blacks, have the highest incidence of severe shigellosis. Among adults with shigellosis, severe shigellosis was associated with being male in age group 18–49 years, with infections caused by S. flexneri, and with black race. Future research should assess associations between severe shigellosis and sexual practices, antimicrobial resistance, comorbidities, and access to care. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:01:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7df5fa5383f94510bda4ee5e46d6c94f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:01:30Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-7df5fa5383f94510bda4ee5e46d6c94f2022-12-22T01:31:53ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582018-02-011811810.1186/s12889-018-5115-4Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014Lindsey S. McCrickard0Stacy M. Crim1Sunkyung Kim2Anna Bowen3Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background Shigella causes approximately 500,000 illnesses, 6000 hospitalizations, and 40 deaths in the United States annually, but incidence and populations at risk for severe shigellosis among adults are unclear. This study describes severe shigellosis among US adults. Methods We analyzed Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network data for infections caused by Shigella among adults ≥18 years old during 2002–2014. Criteria to define severe shigellosis included hospitalization, bacteremia, or death. We estimated annual incidence of shigellosis per 100,000 among adult populations, and conducted multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to assess associations between severe shigellosis, demographic factors and Shigella species among adults with shigellosis. Results Among 9968 shigellosis cases, 2764 (28%) were severe. Restricting to cases due to S. sonnei and S. flexneri, median annual incidence of severe shigellosis among adults was 0.56 and highest overall incidence was among black males 18–49 years old (1.58). Among adults with shigellosis, odds of severe disease were higher among males than females aged 18–49 years old (OR [95% CI] = 1.32 [1.15–1.52], p < 0.001) and among males than females with S. flexneri infections (OR [95% CI] =1.39 [1.10–1.75], p = 0.005). The odds of severe shigellosis were higher among blacks than whites (OR [95% CI] = 1.36 [1.22–1.52], p < 0.001). Conclusions Among adults, men 18–49 years old, particularly blacks, have the highest incidence of severe shigellosis. Among adults with shigellosis, severe shigellosis was associated with being male in age group 18–49 years, with infections caused by S. flexneri, and with black race. Future research should assess associations between severe shigellosis and sexual practices, antimicrobial resistance, comorbidities, and access to care.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-018-5115-4ShigellosisEpidemiologyAdultMSM |
| spellingShingle | Lindsey S. McCrickard Stacy M. Crim Sunkyung Kim Anna Bowen Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014 BMC Public Health Shigellosis Epidemiology Adult MSM |
| title | Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014 |
| title_full | Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014 |
| title_fullStr | Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014 |
| title_short | Disparities in severe shigellosis among adults — Foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 2002–2014 |
| title_sort | disparities in severe shigellosis among adults foodborne diseases active surveillance network 2002 2014 |
| topic | Shigellosis Epidemiology Adult MSM |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-018-5115-4 |
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