Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and Inflammation
Ubiquitination and deubiquitination play a fundamental role in the signaling pathways associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. Macrophages are key sentinels for the host defense, triggering antiviral and inflammatory responses against various invading pathogens. Macrophages recognize th...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8090 |
| _version_ | 1797549389937377280 |
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| author | Roya Rasaei Neha Sarodaya Kye-Seong Kim Suresh Ramakrishna Seok-Ho Hong |
| author_facet | Roya Rasaei Neha Sarodaya Kye-Seong Kim Suresh Ramakrishna Seok-Ho Hong |
| author_sort | Roya Rasaei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ubiquitination and deubiquitination play a fundamental role in the signaling pathways associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. Macrophages are key sentinels for the host defense, triggering antiviral and inflammatory responses against various invading pathogens. Macrophages recognize the genetic material of these pathogens as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through the activation of its pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), initiating the cascade of immune signaling, which leads to the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that initiates the appropriate immune response. Macrophage-mediated immune response is highly regulated and tightly controlled by the ubiquitin system since its abnormal activation or dysregulation may result in the severe pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) play a crucial role in reversing the ubiquitination and controlling the magnitude of the immune response. During infection, pathogens manipulate the host defense system by regulating DUBs to obtain nutrients and increase proliferation. Indeed, the regulation of DUBs by small molecule inhibitors has been proposed as an excellent way to control aberrant activation of immune signaling molecules. This review is focused on the complex role of DUBs in macrophage-mediated immune response, exploring the potential use of DUBs as therapeutic targets in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases by virtue of small molecule DUB inhibitors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:14:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7e23536e4b1341fdabc637ff70a45c0b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:14:01Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e23536e4b1341fdabc637ff70a45c0b2023-11-20T19:06:47ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-10-012121809010.3390/ijms21218090Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and InflammationRoya Rasaei0Neha Sarodaya1Kye-Seong Kim2Suresh Ramakrishna3Seok-Ho Hong4Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaGraduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, KoreaGraduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, KoreaGraduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaUbiquitination and deubiquitination play a fundamental role in the signaling pathways associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. Macrophages are key sentinels for the host defense, triggering antiviral and inflammatory responses against various invading pathogens. Macrophages recognize the genetic material of these pathogens as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through the activation of its pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), initiating the cascade of immune signaling, which leads to the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that initiates the appropriate immune response. Macrophage-mediated immune response is highly regulated and tightly controlled by the ubiquitin system since its abnormal activation or dysregulation may result in the severe pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) play a crucial role in reversing the ubiquitination and controlling the magnitude of the immune response. During infection, pathogens manipulate the host defense system by regulating DUBs to obtain nutrients and increase proliferation. Indeed, the regulation of DUBs by small molecule inhibitors has been proposed as an excellent way to control aberrant activation of immune signaling molecules. This review is focused on the complex role of DUBs in macrophage-mediated immune response, exploring the potential use of DUBs as therapeutic targets in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases by virtue of small molecule DUB inhibitors.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8090macrophagesinnate immunityE3 ligasesDUB inhibitorsRIG-I-like receptorToll-like receptor |
| spellingShingle | Roya Rasaei Neha Sarodaya Kye-Seong Kim Suresh Ramakrishna Seok-Ho Hong Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and Inflammation International Journal of Molecular Sciences macrophages innate immunity E3 ligases DUB inhibitors RIG-I-like receptor Toll-like receptor |
| title | Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and Inflammation |
| title_full | Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and Inflammation |
| title_fullStr | Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and Inflammation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and Inflammation |
| title_short | Importance of Deubiquitination in Macrophage-Mediated Viral Response and Inflammation |
| title_sort | importance of deubiquitination in macrophage mediated viral response and inflammation |
| topic | macrophages innate immunity E3 ligases DUB inhibitors RIG-I-like receptor Toll-like receptor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8090 |
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