Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface Water
According to the World Health Organization, antibiotic resistance is one of the main threats to global health. The excessive use of several antibiotics has led to the widespread distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in various environment matrices, including s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/4/425 |
| _version_ | 1827744431525068800 |
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| author | João Sério Ana Paula Marques Rosa Huertas João Goulão Crespo Vanessa Jorge Pereira |
| author_facet | João Sério Ana Paula Marques Rosa Huertas João Goulão Crespo Vanessa Jorge Pereira |
| author_sort | João Sério |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | According to the World Health Organization, antibiotic resistance is one of the main threats to global health. The excessive use of several antibiotics has led to the widespread distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in various environment matrices, including surface water. In this study, total coliforms, <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci, as well as total coliforms and <i>Escherichia coli</i> resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and imipenem, were monitored in several surface water sampling events. A hybrid reactor was used to test the efficiency of membrane filtration, direct photolysis (using UV-C light emitting diodes that emit light at 265 nm and UV-C low pressure mercury lamps that emit light at 254 nm), and the combination of both processes to ensure the retention and inactivation of total coliforms and <i>Escherichia coli</i> as well as antibiotic-resistant bacteria (total coliforms and <i>Escherichia coli</i>) present in river water at occurrence levels. The membranes used (unmodified silicon carbide membranes and the same membrane modified with a photocatalytic layer) effectively retained the target bacteria. Direct photolysis using low-pressure mercury lamps and light-emitting diode panels (emitting at 265 nm) achieved extremely high levels of inactivation of the target bacteria. The combined treatment (unmodified and modified photocatalytic surfaces in combination with UV-C and UV-A light sources) successfully retained the bacteria and treated the feed after 1 h of treatment. The hybrid treatment proposed is a promising approach to use as point-of-use treatment by isolated populations or when conventional systems and electricity fail due to natural disasters or war. Furthermore, the effective treatment obtained when the combined system was used with UV-A light sources indicates that the process may be a promising approach to guarantee water disinfection using natural sunlight. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:45:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7e297256169a40949b7d73759c24dce0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:45:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e297256169a40949b7d73759c24dce02023-11-17T20:23:25ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752023-04-0113442510.3390/membranes13040425Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface WaterJoão Sério0Ana Paula Marques1Rosa Huertas2João Goulão Crespo3Vanessa Jorge Pereira4iBET—Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, PortugaliBET—Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, PortugaliBET—Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, PortugalLAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugaliBET—Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, PortugalAccording to the World Health Organization, antibiotic resistance is one of the main threats to global health. The excessive use of several antibiotics has led to the widespread distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in various environment matrices, including surface water. In this study, total coliforms, <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci, as well as total coliforms and <i>Escherichia coli</i> resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and imipenem, were monitored in several surface water sampling events. A hybrid reactor was used to test the efficiency of membrane filtration, direct photolysis (using UV-C light emitting diodes that emit light at 265 nm and UV-C low pressure mercury lamps that emit light at 254 nm), and the combination of both processes to ensure the retention and inactivation of total coliforms and <i>Escherichia coli</i> as well as antibiotic-resistant bacteria (total coliforms and <i>Escherichia coli</i>) present in river water at occurrence levels. The membranes used (unmodified silicon carbide membranes and the same membrane modified with a photocatalytic layer) effectively retained the target bacteria. Direct photolysis using low-pressure mercury lamps and light-emitting diode panels (emitting at 265 nm) achieved extremely high levels of inactivation of the target bacteria. The combined treatment (unmodified and modified photocatalytic surfaces in combination with UV-C and UV-A light sources) successfully retained the bacteria and treated the feed after 1 h of treatment. The hybrid treatment proposed is a promising approach to use as point-of-use treatment by isolated populations or when conventional systems and electricity fail due to natural disasters or war. Furthermore, the effective treatment obtained when the combined system was used with UV-A light sources indicates that the process may be a promising approach to guarantee water disinfection using natural sunlight.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/4/425antibiotic-resistant bacteriasurface water treatmentmembrane filtrationphotolysisphotocatalytic membrane reactor |
| spellingShingle | João Sério Ana Paula Marques Rosa Huertas João Goulão Crespo Vanessa Jorge Pereira Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface Water Membranes antibiotic-resistant bacteria surface water treatment membrane filtration photolysis photocatalytic membrane reactor |
| title | Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface Water |
| title_full | Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface Water |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface Water |
| title_short | Occurrence and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Present in Surface Water |
| title_sort | occurrence and treatment of antibiotic resistant bacteria present in surface water |
| topic | antibiotic-resistant bacteria surface water treatment membrane filtration photolysis photocatalytic membrane reactor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/4/425 |
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