Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress
Abstract Date palm is an important staple crop in Saudi Arabia, and about 400 different date palm cultivars grown here, only 50–60 of them are used commercially. The most popular and commercially consumed cultivars of these are Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi, which are also widely cultivated across the c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19399-8 |
| _version_ | 1798004440253333504 |
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| author | Mohammed Refdan Alhajhoj Muhammad Munir Balakrishnan Sudhakar Hassan Muzzamil Ali-Dinar Zafar Iqbal |
| author_facet | Mohammed Refdan Alhajhoj Muhammad Munir Balakrishnan Sudhakar Hassan Muzzamil Ali-Dinar Zafar Iqbal |
| author_sort | Mohammed Refdan Alhajhoj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Date palm is an important staple crop in Saudi Arabia, and about 400 different date palm cultivars grown here, only 50–60 of them are used commercially. The most popular and commercially consumed cultivars of these are Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi, which are also widely cultivated across the country. Date palm is high water-demanding crop in oasis agriculture, with an inherent ability to tolerate drought stress. However, the mechanisms by which it tolerates drought stress, especially at the transcriptomic level, are still elusive. This study appraised the physiological and molecular response of three commercial date palm cultivars Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi at two different field capacities (FC; 100% and 25%) levels. At 25% FC (drought stress), leaf relative water content, chlorophyll, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were significantly reduced. However, leaf intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency increased under drought stress. In comparison to cvs. Khalas and Reziz, date palm cv. Sheshi showed less tolerance to drought stress. A total of 1118 drought-responsive expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced, 345 from Khalas, 391 from Reziz, and 382 from Sheshi and subjected to functional characterization, gene ontology classification, KEGG pathways elucidation, and enzyme codes dissemination. Three date palm cultivars deployed a multivariate approach to ameliorate drought stress by leveraging common and indigenous molecular, cellular, biological, structural, transcriptional and reproductive mechanisms. Approximately 50% of the annotated ESTs were related to photosynthesis regulation, photosynthetic structure, signal transduction, auxin biosynthesis, osmoregulation, stomatal conductance, protein synthesis/turnover, active transport of solutes, and cell structure modulation. Along with the annotated ESTs, ca. 45% of ESTs were novel. Conclusively, the study provides novel clues and opens the myriads of genetic resources to understand the fine-tuned drought amelioration mechanisms in date palm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:23:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7e4014e8757b4d268afbe53313d4584a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:23:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e4014e8757b4d268afbe53313d4584a2022-12-22T04:24:01ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-09-0112111610.1038/s41598-022-19399-8Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stressMohammed Refdan Alhajhoj0Muhammad Munir1Balakrishnan Sudhakar2Hassan Muzzamil Ali-Dinar3Zafar Iqbal4Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal UniversityDate Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal UniversityDate Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal UniversityDate Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal UniversityCentral Laboratories, King Faisal UniversityAbstract Date palm is an important staple crop in Saudi Arabia, and about 400 different date palm cultivars grown here, only 50–60 of them are used commercially. The most popular and commercially consumed cultivars of these are Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi, which are also widely cultivated across the country. Date palm is high water-demanding crop in oasis agriculture, with an inherent ability to tolerate drought stress. However, the mechanisms by which it tolerates drought stress, especially at the transcriptomic level, are still elusive. This study appraised the physiological and molecular response of three commercial date palm cultivars Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi at two different field capacities (FC; 100% and 25%) levels. At 25% FC (drought stress), leaf relative water content, chlorophyll, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were significantly reduced. However, leaf intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency increased under drought stress. In comparison to cvs. Khalas and Reziz, date palm cv. Sheshi showed less tolerance to drought stress. A total of 1118 drought-responsive expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced, 345 from Khalas, 391 from Reziz, and 382 from Sheshi and subjected to functional characterization, gene ontology classification, KEGG pathways elucidation, and enzyme codes dissemination. Three date palm cultivars deployed a multivariate approach to ameliorate drought stress by leveraging common and indigenous molecular, cellular, biological, structural, transcriptional and reproductive mechanisms. Approximately 50% of the annotated ESTs were related to photosynthesis regulation, photosynthetic structure, signal transduction, auxin biosynthesis, osmoregulation, stomatal conductance, protein synthesis/turnover, active transport of solutes, and cell structure modulation. Along with the annotated ESTs, ca. 45% of ESTs were novel. Conclusively, the study provides novel clues and opens the myriads of genetic resources to understand the fine-tuned drought amelioration mechanisms in date palm.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19399-8 |
| spellingShingle | Mohammed Refdan Alhajhoj Muhammad Munir Balakrishnan Sudhakar Hassan Muzzamil Ali-Dinar Zafar Iqbal Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress Scientific Reports |
| title | Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress |
| title_full | Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress |
| title_fullStr | Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress |
| title_short | Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress |
| title_sort | common and novel metabolic pathways related ests were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19399-8 |
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