Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles
Aim. In the brain of mammals and humans, several widespread neuronal networks are capable of generating spontaneous rhythmic activity. Among them is the thalamo-cortical network, which involves neurons of the thalamus (diencephalon) and in the neocortex and characterized by hierarchical organization...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Saratov State University
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Известия высших учебных заведений: Прикладная нелинейная динамика |
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| Online Access: | https://andjournal.sgu.ru/sites/andjournal.sgu.ru/files/text-pdf/2020/06/9sitnokiva.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818495593507454976 |
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| author | Sitnikova, Evgenia Yurievna |
| author_facet | Sitnikova, Evgenia Yurievna |
| author_sort | Sitnikova, Evgenia Yurievna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim. In the brain of mammals and humans, several widespread neuronal networks are capable of generating spontaneous rhythmic activity. Among them is the thalamo-cortical network, which involves neurons of the thalamus (diencephalon) and in the neocortex and characterized by hierarchical organization. The thalamo-cortical network generates alpha rhythms with a frequency of about 8...14 Hz. Various neurological and psychiatric disorders are known to associate with similar disturbances of thalamo-cortical rhythms, i.e. the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia. In particular, absence epilepsy, a non-convulsive form of epilepsy caused by disturbances of the thalamo-cortical system. Absence seizures involve brief and sudden lapses of consciousness (i.e., the state of «absence») associated with high-amplitude spike-wave discharges in the encephalogram. The current paper describes morphology of the thalamo-cortical system and diagnostic principles of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia. Methods. WAG/Rij rats with genetic predisposition to absence epilepsy were used as a model of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia. Electrical brain activity was recorded from the surface of neocortex using implanted electrodes (electrocorticogram, ECoG). Time-frequency analysis of rhythmic activity in ECoG was performed using continuous wavelet transform and the fast Fourier transform. Results. The following hallmarks of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia were defined. (1) During the slow-wave sleep, the spectral power in ECoG was shifted from slow to fast frequencies. (2) Short-lasting episodes of 3...12 Hz rhythmic activity with the amplitude maximum in delta (3...4 Hz) and theta (5...9 Hz) ranges were present in the frontal ECoG. (3) The so-called «pro-epileptic» 5...9 Hz oscillations were present in the frontal ECoG. Conclusion. The most pronounced manifestation of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia was found in ECoG during the slow-wave sleep. The dysrhythmic mechanism mostly affected short-lasting slow-wave oscillations with a frequency of 3...4 Hz and 5...9 Hz in combination with disturbances of the time-frequency structure of ECoG. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:22:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7e44e15709c54ad89e8e16bc38476dc1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0869-6632 2542-1905 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:22:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Saratov State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Известия высших учебных заведений: Прикладная нелинейная динамика |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e44e15709c54ad89e8e16bc38476dc12022-12-22T01:38:10ZengSaratov State UniversityИзвестия высших учебных заведений: Прикладная нелинейная динамика0869-66322542-19052020-06-0128328229810.18500/0869-6632-2020-28-3-282-298Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principlesSitnikova, Evgenia Yurievna0Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology RAS", 117485, Moscow, ul.Butlerova, 5A Telephone: (495) 334-70-00 (secretariat)Aim. In the brain of mammals and humans, several widespread neuronal networks are capable of generating spontaneous rhythmic activity. Among them is the thalamo-cortical network, which involves neurons of the thalamus (diencephalon) and in the neocortex and characterized by hierarchical organization. The thalamo-cortical network generates alpha rhythms with a frequency of about 8...14 Hz. Various neurological and psychiatric disorders are known to associate with similar disturbances of thalamo-cortical rhythms, i.e. the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia. In particular, absence epilepsy, a non-convulsive form of epilepsy caused by disturbances of the thalamo-cortical system. Absence seizures involve brief and sudden lapses of consciousness (i.e., the state of «absence») associated with high-amplitude spike-wave discharges in the encephalogram. The current paper describes morphology of the thalamo-cortical system and diagnostic principles of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia. Methods. WAG/Rij rats with genetic predisposition to absence epilepsy were used as a model of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia. Electrical brain activity was recorded from the surface of neocortex using implanted electrodes (electrocorticogram, ECoG). Time-frequency analysis of rhythmic activity in ECoG was performed using continuous wavelet transform and the fast Fourier transform. Results. The following hallmarks of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia were defined. (1) During the slow-wave sleep, the spectral power in ECoG was shifted from slow to fast frequencies. (2) Short-lasting episodes of 3...12 Hz rhythmic activity with the amplitude maximum in delta (3...4 Hz) and theta (5...9 Hz) ranges were present in the frontal ECoG. (3) The so-called «pro-epileptic» 5...9 Hz oscillations were present in the frontal ECoG. Conclusion. The most pronounced manifestation of the thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia was found in ECoG during the slow-wave sleep. The dysrhythmic mechanism mostly affected short-lasting slow-wave oscillations with a frequency of 3...4 Hz and 5...9 Hz in combination with disturbances of the time-frequency structure of ECoG.https://andjournal.sgu.ru/sites/andjournal.sgu.ru/files/text-pdf/2020/06/9sitnokiva.pdfthalamo-cortical networkelectrocorticographyrhythmic brain activityanimal modeltime-frequency analysis |
| spellingShingle | Sitnikova, Evgenia Yurievna Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles Известия высших учебных заведений: Прикладная нелинейная динамика thalamo-cortical network electrocorticography rhythmic brain activity animal model time-frequency analysis |
| title | Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles |
| title_full | Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles |
| title_fullStr | Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles |
| title_short | Thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles |
| title_sort | thalamo cortical dysrhythmia and its diagnostic principles |
| topic | thalamo-cortical network electrocorticography rhythmic brain activity animal model time-frequency analysis |
| url | https://andjournal.sgu.ru/sites/andjournal.sgu.ru/files/text-pdf/2020/06/9sitnokiva.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sitnikovaevgeniayurievna thalamocorticaldysrhythmiaanditsdiagnosticprinciples |