Sulfur dioxide emissions from Papandayan and Bromo, two Indonesian volcanoes
Indonesia hosts 79 active volcanoes, representing 14% of all active volcanoes worldwide. However, little is known about their SO<sub>2</sub> contribution into the atmosphere, due to isolation and access difficulties. Existing SO<sub>2</sub> emission budgets for the Indonesian...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2013-10-01
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| Series: | Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences |
| Online Access: | http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/13/2399/2013/nhess-13-2399-2013.pdf |
| Summary: | Indonesia hosts 79 active volcanoes, representing 14% of all active volcanoes worldwide. However, little is known about their SO<sub>2</sub> contribution into the atmosphere, due to isolation and access difficulties. Existing SO<sub>2</sub> emission budgets for the Indonesian archipelago are based on extrapolations and inferences as there is a considerable lack of field assessments of degassing. Here, we present the first SO<sub>2</sub> flux measurements using differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) for Papandayan and Bromo, two of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia. Results indicate mean SO<sub>2</sub> emission rates of 1.4 t d<sup>−1</sup> from the fumarolic activity of Papandayan and more than 22–32 t d<sup>−1</sup> of SO<sub>2</sub> released by Bromo during a declining eruptive phase. These DOAS results are very encouraging and pave the way for a better evaluation of Indonesian volcanic emissions. |
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| ISSN: | 1561-8633 1684-9981 |