An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease
Whole genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization can occur at the cellular, tissue, and organismal levels. At the cellular level, tetraploidization has been proposed as a driver of aneuploidy and genome instability and correlates strongly with cancer progression, metastasis, and the development of...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/11/2/26 |
| _version_ | 1797594069025685504 |
|---|---|
| author | Mara Schvarzstein Fatema Alam Muhammad Toure Judith L. Yanowitz |
| author_facet | Mara Schvarzstein Fatema Alam Muhammad Toure Judith L. Yanowitz |
| author_sort | Mara Schvarzstein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Whole genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization can occur at the cellular, tissue, and organismal levels. At the cellular level, tetraploidization has been proposed as a driver of aneuploidy and genome instability and correlates strongly with cancer progression, metastasis, and the development of drug resistance. WGD is also a key developmental strategy for regulating cell size, metabolism, and cellular function. In specific tissues, WGD is involved in normal development (e.g., organogenesis), tissue homeostasis, wound healing, and regeneration. At the organismal level, WGD propels evolutionary processes such as adaptation, speciation, and crop domestication. An essential strategy to further our understanding of the mechanisms promoting WGD and its effects is to compare isogenic strains that differ only in their ploidy. <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) is emerging as an animal model for these comparisons, in part because relatively stable and fertile tetraploid strains can be produced rapidly from nearly any diploid strain. Here, we review the use of Caenorhabditis polyploids as tools to understand important developmental processes (e.g., sex determination, dosage compensation, and allometric relationships) and cellular processes (e.g., cell cycle regulation and chromosome dynamics during meiosis). We also discuss how the unique characteristics of the <i>C. elegans</i> WGD model will enable significant advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of polyploidization and its role in development and disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:18:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7e5bbe89ea5d4e8cbf0a5437fc6fd9a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2221-3759 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:18:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e5bbe89ea5d4e8cbf0a5437fc6fd9a92023-11-18T11:02:57ZengMDPI AGJournal of Developmental Biology2221-37592023-06-011122610.3390/jdb11020026An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and DiseaseMara Schvarzstein0Fatema Alam1Muhammad Toure2Judith L. Yanowitz3Biology Department, Brooklyn College at the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USABiology Department, Brooklyn College at the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USABiology Department, Brooklyn College at the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USAMagee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USAWhole genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization can occur at the cellular, tissue, and organismal levels. At the cellular level, tetraploidization has been proposed as a driver of aneuploidy and genome instability and correlates strongly with cancer progression, metastasis, and the development of drug resistance. WGD is also a key developmental strategy for regulating cell size, metabolism, and cellular function. In specific tissues, WGD is involved in normal development (e.g., organogenesis), tissue homeostasis, wound healing, and regeneration. At the organismal level, WGD propels evolutionary processes such as adaptation, speciation, and crop domestication. An essential strategy to further our understanding of the mechanisms promoting WGD and its effects is to compare isogenic strains that differ only in their ploidy. <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) is emerging as an animal model for these comparisons, in part because relatively stable and fertile tetraploid strains can be produced rapidly from nearly any diploid strain. Here, we review the use of Caenorhabditis polyploids as tools to understand important developmental processes (e.g., sex determination, dosage compensation, and allometric relationships) and cellular processes (e.g., cell cycle regulation and chromosome dynamics during meiosis). We also discuss how the unique characteristics of the <i>C. elegans</i> WGD model will enable significant advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of polyploidization and its role in development and disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/11/2/26whole genome duplicationpolyploidizationtetraploidypolyploidyaneuploidy<i>Caenorhabditis</i> |
| spellingShingle | Mara Schvarzstein Fatema Alam Muhammad Toure Judith L. Yanowitz An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease Journal of Developmental Biology whole genome duplication polyploidization tetraploidy polyploidy aneuploidy <i>Caenorhabditis</i> |
| title | An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease |
| title_full | An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease |
| title_fullStr | An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease |
| title_short | An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease |
| title_sort | emerging animal model for querying the role of whole genome duplication in development evolution and disease |
| topic | whole genome duplication polyploidization tetraploidy polyploidy aneuploidy <i>Caenorhabditis</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2221-3759/11/2/26 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT maraschvarzstein anemerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease AT fatemaalam anemerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease AT muhammadtoure anemerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease AT judithlyanowitz anemerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease AT maraschvarzstein emerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease AT fatemaalam emerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease AT muhammadtoure emerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease AT judithlyanowitz emerginganimalmodelforqueryingtheroleofwholegenomeduplicationindevelopmentevolutionanddisease |