| Summary: | Hydatidiform moles can be fatal because of the risk of massive bleeding or thyroid storm; however, they rarely occur concomitantly with sepsis. We present herein the case of a woman with a hydatidiform mole with septic shock. A 30-year-old multiparous woman with Basedow's disease presented with fever, amenorrhea, and vaginal bleeding. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed an enlarged uterus with an intrauterine vesicular mass (74.3 × 93.0 mm). Human chorionic gonadotropin level was 994,000 mIU/mL. C-reactive protein was elevated, and blood cultures were positive (gram-negative rods), indicating infection. After administering antibiotics (tazobactam and piperacillin), blood pressure suddenly decreased (69/45 mmHg), requiring stabilization with noradrenaline and albumin. The uterine contents were naturally expelled, followed by dilatation and curettage after her vital signs and general condition gradually improved. The pathological diagnosis was a complete hydatidiform mole. Culture of the intrauterine contents revealed Escherichia coli, leading to the potentially fatal diagnosis of septic shock associated with a hydatidiform mole.
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