Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i>
Germ line development and the origin of the primordial germ cells (PGCs) are very variable and may occur across a range of developmental stages and in several developmental contexts. In establishing and maintaining germ line, a conserved set of genes is involved. On the other hand, these genes are e...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| author | Roman P. Kostyuchenko Daria D. Nikanorova Artem V. Amosov |
| author_facet | Roman P. Kostyuchenko Daria D. Nikanorova Artem V. Amosov |
| author_sort | Roman P. Kostyuchenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Germ line development and the origin of the primordial germ cells (PGCs) are very variable and may occur across a range of developmental stages and in several developmental contexts. In establishing and maintaining germ line, a conserved set of genes is involved. On the other hand, these genes are expressed in multipotent/pluripotent cells that may give rise to both somatic and germline cells. To begin elucidating mechanisms by which the germ line is specified in <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> embryos, we identified twenty germline/multipotency genes, homologs of <i>Vasa</i>, <i>PL10</i>, <i>Piwi</i>, <i>Nanos</i>, <i>Myc</i>, <i>Pumilio</i>, <i>Tudor</i>, <i>Boule</i>, and <i>Bruno</i>, using transcriptome analysis and gene cloning, and characterized their expression by whole-mount in situ hybridization. To answer the question of the possible origin of PGCs in this annelid, we carried out an additional description of the early embryogenesis. Our results suggest that PGCs derive from small cells originating at the first two divisions of the mesoteloblasts. PGCs form two cell clusters, undergo limited proliferation, and migrate to the developing gonadal segments. In embryos and juvenile <i>E. coronatus</i>, homologs of the germline/multipotency genes are differentially expressed in both germline and somatic tissue including the presumptive germ cell precursors, posterior growth zone, developing foregut, and nervous system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:58:43Z |
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| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:58:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7e73e805049b4b829783d69f20e854f62023-12-22T13:54:28ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-12-011212150810.3390/biology12121508Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i>Roman P. Kostyuchenko0Daria D. Nikanorova1Artem V. Amosov2Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, RussiaDepartment of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, RussiaDepartment of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, RussiaGerm line development and the origin of the primordial germ cells (PGCs) are very variable and may occur across a range of developmental stages and in several developmental contexts. In establishing and maintaining germ line, a conserved set of genes is involved. On the other hand, these genes are expressed in multipotent/pluripotent cells that may give rise to both somatic and germline cells. To begin elucidating mechanisms by which the germ line is specified in <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> embryos, we identified twenty germline/multipotency genes, homologs of <i>Vasa</i>, <i>PL10</i>, <i>Piwi</i>, <i>Nanos</i>, <i>Myc</i>, <i>Pumilio</i>, <i>Tudor</i>, <i>Boule</i>, and <i>Bruno</i>, using transcriptome analysis and gene cloning, and characterized their expression by whole-mount in situ hybridization. To answer the question of the possible origin of PGCs in this annelid, we carried out an additional description of the early embryogenesis. Our results suggest that PGCs derive from small cells originating at the first two divisions of the mesoteloblasts. PGCs form two cell clusters, undergo limited proliferation, and migrate to the developing gonadal segments. In embryos and juvenile <i>E. coronatus</i>, homologs of the germline/multipotency genes are differentially expressed in both germline and somatic tissue including the presumptive germ cell precursors, posterior growth zone, developing foregut, and nervous system.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/12/1508<i>Piwi</i><i>Vasa</i><i>Nanos</i>germline multipotency program genesgerm lineprimordial germ cells |
| spellingShingle | Roman P. Kostyuchenko Daria D. Nikanorova Artem V. Amosov Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> Biology <i>Piwi</i> <i>Vasa</i> <i>Nanos</i> germline multipotency program genes germ line primordial germ cells |
| title | Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> |
| title_full | Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> |
| title_short | Germ Line/Multipotency Genes Show Differential Expression during Embryonic Development of the Annelid <i>Enchytraeus coronatus</i> |
| title_sort | germ line multipotency genes show differential expression during embryonic development of the annelid i enchytraeus coronatus i |
| topic | <i>Piwi</i> <i>Vasa</i> <i>Nanos</i> germline multipotency program genes germ line primordial germ cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/12/1508 |
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