Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined
Abstract The present study evaluated the isolated and combined effect of total ammonia and nitrite on Macrobrachium amazonicum adults through the median lethal concentration (LC5096h), histological analysis of gills and total and differential haemolymph cell counts. Prawns (n = 640; 9.8 ± 0.9 cm and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.69 |
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| author | Fabrício Martins Dutra Jonatan Raphael Juvenal Sandra Carla Forneck Claudia Caramelo Brazão Eduardo Luis Cupertino Ballester |
| author_facet | Fabrício Martins Dutra Jonatan Raphael Juvenal Sandra Carla Forneck Claudia Caramelo Brazão Eduardo Luis Cupertino Ballester |
| author_sort | Fabrício Martins Dutra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The present study evaluated the isolated and combined effect of total ammonia and nitrite on Macrobrachium amazonicum adults through the median lethal concentration (LC5096h), histological analysis of gills and total and differential haemolymph cell counts. Prawns (n = 640; 9.8 ± 0.9 cm and 8.22 ± 1.29 g) were subjected to an entirely randomised design in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme. Individuals were exposed to total ammonia (0, 18, 36 and 72 mg/L) and nitrite (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/L) alone and in combination. Interaction between the compounds was determined by summing the additivity of the substances (S) and by calculating the additivity index (AI). The LC5096h of isolated compounds was 27.98 mg/L for total ammonia and 1.87 mg/L for nitrite. Total ammonia and nitrite combined showed an LC5096h of 22.36 and 1.17 mg/L, respectively. The sum of additivity ranged from 2.70 to 1.42 and the AI indicated that the toxicity of the mixture was 1.70 to 0.42 times lower, indicating an antagonistic effect of the compounds. High total haemocyte counts (THC) were observed at the higher concentrations of both compounds at a shorter exposure time. Reduction in THC was observed in the treatments with a longer exposure time. Differential haemocyte counts were similar between treatments. Increases in the extent of regressive damage and organ index (Iorg) values occurred with increasing concentrations of isolated total ammonia and nitrite. Mild to moderate presence of progressive damage was observed at intermediate combined concentrations, which elevated the Iorg values. The interaction of total ammonia and nitrite promoted a reduction in mortality compared to treatment with the isolated compounds. Thus, the results obtained guide decision‐making in production systems, which are currently based on studies where the compounds were evaluated acting in isolation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:10:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7e80543bc2e1436989f2e8c24b9e1af7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2693-8847 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:10:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e80543bc2e1436989f2e8c24b9e1af72022-12-22T04:12:56ZengWileyAquaculture, Fish and Fisheries2693-88472022-10-012541442410.1002/aff2.69Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combinedFabrício Martins Dutra0Jonatan Raphael Juvenal1Sandra Carla Forneck2Claudia Caramelo Brazão3Eduardo Luis Cupertino Ballester4Laboratório de Carcinicultura, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Aquicultura Sustentável Universidade Federal do Paraná Maripá Paraná 85955‑000 BrasilLaboratório de Carcinicultura, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Aquicultura Sustentável Universidade Federal do Paraná Maripá Paraná 85955‑000 BrasilLaboratório de Nutrição Animal, Laboratório de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Paraná Palotina Paraná 85950‐000 BrasilLaboratório de Carcinicultura, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Aquicultura Sustentável Universidade Federal do Paraná Maripá Paraná 85955‑000 BrasilLaboratório de Carcinicultura, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Aquicultura Sustentável Universidade Federal do Paraná Maripá Paraná 85955‑000 BrasilAbstract The present study evaluated the isolated and combined effect of total ammonia and nitrite on Macrobrachium amazonicum adults through the median lethal concentration (LC5096h), histological analysis of gills and total and differential haemolymph cell counts. Prawns (n = 640; 9.8 ± 0.9 cm and 8.22 ± 1.29 g) were subjected to an entirely randomised design in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme. Individuals were exposed to total ammonia (0, 18, 36 and 72 mg/L) and nitrite (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/L) alone and in combination. Interaction between the compounds was determined by summing the additivity of the substances (S) and by calculating the additivity index (AI). The LC5096h of isolated compounds was 27.98 mg/L for total ammonia and 1.87 mg/L for nitrite. Total ammonia and nitrite combined showed an LC5096h of 22.36 and 1.17 mg/L, respectively. The sum of additivity ranged from 2.70 to 1.42 and the AI indicated that the toxicity of the mixture was 1.70 to 0.42 times lower, indicating an antagonistic effect of the compounds. High total haemocyte counts (THC) were observed at the higher concentrations of both compounds at a shorter exposure time. Reduction in THC was observed in the treatments with a longer exposure time. Differential haemocyte counts were similar between treatments. Increases in the extent of regressive damage and organ index (Iorg) values occurred with increasing concentrations of isolated total ammonia and nitrite. Mild to moderate presence of progressive damage was observed at intermediate combined concentrations, which elevated the Iorg values. The interaction of total ammonia and nitrite promoted a reduction in mortality compared to treatment with the isolated compounds. Thus, the results obtained guide decision‐making in production systems, which are currently based on studies where the compounds were evaluated acting in isolation.https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.69Amazon River Prawncombined effectgill histologyhaemolymphnitrogen compounds |
| spellingShingle | Fabrício Martins Dutra Jonatan Raphael Juvenal Sandra Carla Forneck Claudia Caramelo Brazão Eduardo Luis Cupertino Ballester Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries Amazon River Prawn combined effect gill histology haemolymph nitrogen compounds |
| title | Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined |
| title_full | Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined |
| title_fullStr | Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined |
| title_short | Gill and haematological alterations in Macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined |
| title_sort | gill and haematological alterations in macrobrachium amazonicum adults in acute exposure to ammonia and nitrite isolated and combined |
| topic | Amazon River Prawn combined effect gill histology haemolymph nitrogen compounds |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.69 |
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