Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-D
RNA elements in the untranslated regions of plus-strand RNA viruses can control a variety of viral processes including translation, replication, packaging, and subgenomic mRNA production. The 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of Tobacco necrosis virus strain D (TNV-D; genus <i>Betanecrovirus</...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/856 |
| _version_ | 1797560122585645056 |
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| author | Laura R. Newburn Baodong Wu K. Andrew White |
| author_facet | Laura R. Newburn Baodong Wu K. Andrew White |
| author_sort | Laura R. Newburn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | RNA elements in the untranslated regions of plus-strand RNA viruses can control a variety of viral processes including translation, replication, packaging, and subgenomic mRNA production. The 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of Tobacco necrosis virus strain D (TNV-D; genus <i>Betanecrovirus</i>, family <i>Tombusviridae</i>) contains several well studied regulatory RNA elements. Here, we explore a previously unexamined region of the viral 3′UTR, the sequence located upstream of the 3′-cap independent translation enhancer (3′CITE). Our results indicate that (i) a long-range RNA–RNA interaction between an internal RNA element and the 3′UTR facilitates translational readthrough, and may also promote viral RNA synthesis; (ii) a conserved RNA hairpin, SLX, is required for efficient genome accumulation; and (iii) an adenine-rich region upstream of the 3′CITE is dispensable, but can modulate genome accumulation. These findings identified novel regulatory RNA elements in the 3′UTR of the TNV-D genome that are important for virus survival. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:54:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7e839d8eaf06469cbb63cf2ed65767de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:54:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e839d8eaf06469cbb63cf2ed65767de2023-11-20T09:13:53ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-08-0112885610.3390/v12080856Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-DLaura R. Newburn0Baodong Wu1K. Andrew White2Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaDepartment of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaDepartment of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, CanadaRNA elements in the untranslated regions of plus-strand RNA viruses can control a variety of viral processes including translation, replication, packaging, and subgenomic mRNA production. The 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of Tobacco necrosis virus strain D (TNV-D; genus <i>Betanecrovirus</i>, family <i>Tombusviridae</i>) contains several well studied regulatory RNA elements. Here, we explore a previously unexamined region of the viral 3′UTR, the sequence located upstream of the 3′-cap independent translation enhancer (3′CITE). Our results indicate that (i) a long-range RNA–RNA interaction between an internal RNA element and the 3′UTR facilitates translational readthrough, and may also promote viral RNA synthesis; (ii) a conserved RNA hairpin, SLX, is required for efficient genome accumulation; and (iii) an adenine-rich region upstream of the 3′CITE is dispensable, but can modulate genome accumulation. These findings identified novel regulatory RNA elements in the 3′UTR of the TNV-D genome that are important for virus survival.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/856plant virusRNA virus3′UTRrecodingreadthroughcap-independent translation |
| spellingShingle | Laura R. Newburn Baodong Wu K. Andrew White Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-D Viruses plant virus RNA virus 3′UTR recoding readthrough cap-independent translation |
| title | Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-D |
| title_full | Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-D |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-D |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-D |
| title_short | Investigation of Novel RNA Elements in the 3′UTR of Tobacco Necrosis Virus-D |
| title_sort | investigation of novel rna elements in the 3 utr of tobacco necrosis virus d |
| topic | plant virus RNA virus 3′UTR recoding readthrough cap-independent translation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/856 |
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