Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic Stresses
The induction of natural defense mechanisms in plants is considered to be one of the most important strategies used in integrated pest management (IPM). Plant immune inducers could reduce the use of chemicals for plant protection and their harmful impacts on the environment. Planticine<sup>®&l...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6494 |
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| author | Roksana Rakoczy-Lelek Małgorzata Czernicka Magdalena Ptaszek Anna Jarecka-Boncela Ewa M. Furmanczyk Kinga Kęska-Izworska Marlena Grzanka Łukasz Skoczylas Nikodem Kuźnik Sylwester Smoleń Alicja Macko-Podgórni Klaudia Gąska Aneta Chałańska Krzysztof Ambroziak Hubert Kardasz |
| author_facet | Roksana Rakoczy-Lelek Małgorzata Czernicka Magdalena Ptaszek Anna Jarecka-Boncela Ewa M. Furmanczyk Kinga Kęska-Izworska Marlena Grzanka Łukasz Skoczylas Nikodem Kuźnik Sylwester Smoleń Alicja Macko-Podgórni Klaudia Gąska Aneta Chałańska Krzysztof Ambroziak Hubert Kardasz |
| author_sort | Roksana Rakoczy-Lelek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The induction of natural defense mechanisms in plants is considered to be one of the most important strategies used in integrated pest management (IPM). Plant immune inducers could reduce the use of chemicals for plant protection and their harmful impacts on the environment. Planticine<sup>®</sup> is a natural plant defense biostimulant based on oligomers of α(1→4)-linked D-galacturonic acids, which are biodegradable and nontoxic. The aim of this study was to define the molecular basis of Planticine’s biological activity and the efficacy of its use as a natural plant resistance inducer in greenhouse conditions. Three independent experiments with foliar application of Planticine<sup>®</sup> were carried out. The first experiment in a climatic chamber (control environment, no pest pressure) subjected the leaves to RNA-seq analysis, and the second and third experiments in greenhouse conditions focused on efficacy after a pest infestation. The result was the RNA sequencing of six transcriptome libraries of tomatoes treated with Planticine<sup>®</sup> and untreated plants; a total of 3089 genes were found to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs); among them, 1760 and 1329 were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. DEG analysis indicated its involvement in such metabolic pathways and processes as plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, photosynthesis, and regulation of transcription. We detected up-regulated gene-encoded elicitor and effector recognition receptors (ELRR and ERR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) genes, and transcription factors (TFs), i.e., <i>WRKY</i>, <i>ERF</i>, <i>MYB</i>, <i>NAC</i>, <i>bZIP</i>, pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs), and resistance-related metabolite (RRMs) genes. In the greenhouse trials, foliar application of Planticine<sup>®</sup> proved to be effective in reducing the infestation of tomato leaves by the biotrophic pathogen powdery mildew and in reducing feeding by thrips, which are insect herbivores. Prophylactic and intervention use of Planticine<sup>®</sup> at low infestation levels allows the activation of plant defense mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:34:58Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:34:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7e92491a901e41f387196a90833a2e672023-11-17T16:51:54ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-03-01247649410.3390/ijms24076494Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic StressesRoksana Rakoczy-Lelek0Małgorzata Czernicka1Magdalena Ptaszek2Anna Jarecka-Boncela3Ewa M. Furmanczyk4Kinga Kęska-Izworska5Marlena Grzanka6Łukasz Skoczylas7Nikodem Kuźnik8Sylwester Smoleń9Alicja Macko-Podgórni10Klaudia Gąska11Aneta Chałańska12Krzysztof Ambroziak13Hubert Kardasz14INTERMAG Sp. z o.o., Al. 1000-lecia 15G, 32-300 Olkusz, PolandDepartment of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Protection, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3 Str., 96-100 Skierniewice, PolandDepartment of Plant Protection, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3 Str., 96-100 Skierniewice, PolandDepartment of Plant Protection, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3 Str., 96-100 Skierniewice, PolandDepartment of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, PolandINTERMAG Sp. z o.o., Al. 1000-lecia 15G, 32-300 Olkusz, PolandDepartment of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122 Str., 30-149 Krakow, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, PolandDepartment of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, PolandINTERMAG Sp. z o.o., Al. 1000-lecia 15G, 32-300 Olkusz, PolandNEFSCIENCE, Bohaterów Westerplatte 119 Str., 96-100 Skierniewice, PolandINTERMAG Sp. z o.o., Al. 1000-lecia 15G, 32-300 Olkusz, PolandINTERMAG Sp. z o.o., Al. 1000-lecia 15G, 32-300 Olkusz, PolandThe induction of natural defense mechanisms in plants is considered to be one of the most important strategies used in integrated pest management (IPM). Plant immune inducers could reduce the use of chemicals for plant protection and their harmful impacts on the environment. Planticine<sup>®</sup> is a natural plant defense biostimulant based on oligomers of α(1→4)-linked D-galacturonic acids, which are biodegradable and nontoxic. The aim of this study was to define the molecular basis of Planticine’s biological activity and the efficacy of its use as a natural plant resistance inducer in greenhouse conditions. Three independent experiments with foliar application of Planticine<sup>®</sup> were carried out. The first experiment in a climatic chamber (control environment, no pest pressure) subjected the leaves to RNA-seq analysis, and the second and third experiments in greenhouse conditions focused on efficacy after a pest infestation. The result was the RNA sequencing of six transcriptome libraries of tomatoes treated with Planticine<sup>®</sup> and untreated plants; a total of 3089 genes were found to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs); among them, 1760 and 1329 were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. DEG analysis indicated its involvement in such metabolic pathways and processes as plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, photosynthesis, and regulation of transcription. We detected up-regulated gene-encoded elicitor and effector recognition receptors (ELRR and ERR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) genes, and transcription factors (TFs), i.e., <i>WRKY</i>, <i>ERF</i>, <i>MYB</i>, <i>NAC</i>, <i>bZIP</i>, pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs), and resistance-related metabolite (RRMs) genes. In the greenhouse trials, foliar application of Planticine<sup>®</sup> proved to be effective in reducing the infestation of tomato leaves by the biotrophic pathogen powdery mildew and in reducing feeding by thrips, which are insect herbivores. Prophylactic and intervention use of Planticine<sup>®</sup> at low infestation levels allows the activation of plant defense mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6494elicitoroligogalacturonidesplant-pathogen interactionphytohormonesRNA-seqtranscriptome |
| spellingShingle | Roksana Rakoczy-Lelek Małgorzata Czernicka Magdalena Ptaszek Anna Jarecka-Boncela Ewa M. Furmanczyk Kinga Kęska-Izworska Marlena Grzanka Łukasz Skoczylas Nikodem Kuźnik Sylwester Smoleń Alicja Macko-Podgórni Klaudia Gąska Aneta Chałańska Krzysztof Ambroziak Hubert Kardasz Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic Stresses International Journal of Molecular Sciences elicitor oligogalacturonides plant-pathogen interaction phytohormones RNA-seq transcriptome |
| title | Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic Stresses |
| title_full | Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic Stresses |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic Stresses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic Stresses |
| title_short | Transcriptome Dynamics Underlying Planticine<sup>®</sup>-Induced Defense Responses of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) to Biotic Stresses |
| title_sort | transcriptome dynamics underlying planticine sup r sup induced defense responses of tomato i solanum lycopersicum i l to biotic stresses |
| topic | elicitor oligogalacturonides plant-pathogen interaction phytohormones RNA-seq transcriptome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6494 |
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