Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications
This article presents the design of a uni-planar MIMO antenna system for sub-6 GHz 5G-enabled smartphones. The MIMO antenna designed comprises four loop-shaped radiators placed at each corner of the mobile phone board, which follows the principle of pattern diversity. The single-antenna element reso...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/8/3746 |
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| author | Umair Rafique Suleman Khan Muhammad Mansoor Ahmed Saad Hassan Kiani Syed Muzahir Abbas Sohail Imran Saeed Mohammad Alibakhshikenari Mariana Dalarsson |
| author_facet | Umair Rafique Suleman Khan Muhammad Mansoor Ahmed Saad Hassan Kiani Syed Muzahir Abbas Sohail Imran Saeed Mohammad Alibakhshikenari Mariana Dalarsson |
| author_sort | Umair Rafique |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents the design of a uni-planar MIMO antenna system for sub-6 GHz 5G-enabled smartphones. The MIMO antenna designed comprises four loop-shaped radiators placed at each corner of the mobile phone board, which follows the principle of pattern diversity. The single-antenna element resonates at 3.5 GHz, its impedance bandwidth is noted to be 1.28 GHz (3–4.28 GHz) for <i>S</i><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>11</mn></msub><mo>≤</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> −6 dB, and it is equal to 720 MHz (3.18–3.9 GHz) for <i>S</i><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>11</mn></msub><mo>≤</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> −10 dB. For a single-antenna element, a peak gain of 3.64 dBi is observed with an antenna efficiency of >90%. The isolation of >10 dB between antenna elements is achieved for the MIMO configuration. Furthermore, the MIMO antenna designed provides enough radiation coverage to support different sides of the mobile phone board, which is an important feature for future 5G-enabled handsets. In addition, the impacts of human hands and heads on MIMO antenna performance are investigated, and acceptable performance in the data and conversation modes is observed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:13:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7eb8961f227a4de6b08efa80404266de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:13:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7eb8961f227a4de6b08efa80404266de2023-12-01T00:37:49ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-04-01128374610.3390/app12083746Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone ApplicationsUmair Rafique0Suleman Khan1Muhammad Mansoor Ahmed2Saad Hassan Kiani3Syed Muzahir Abbas4Sohail Imran Saeed5Mohammad Alibakhshikenari6Mariana Dalarsson7Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, IIC University of Technology, Phnom Penh 121206, CambodiaFaculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, AustraliaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Iqra National University, Peshawar 25000, PakistanDepartment of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, SpainSchool of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE 100-44 Stockholm, SwedenThis article presents the design of a uni-planar MIMO antenna system for sub-6 GHz 5G-enabled smartphones. The MIMO antenna designed comprises four loop-shaped radiators placed at each corner of the mobile phone board, which follows the principle of pattern diversity. The single-antenna element resonates at 3.5 GHz, its impedance bandwidth is noted to be 1.28 GHz (3–4.28 GHz) for <i>S</i><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>11</mn></msub><mo>≤</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> −6 dB, and it is equal to 720 MHz (3.18–3.9 GHz) for <i>S</i><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>11</mn></msub><mo>≤</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> −10 dB. For a single-antenna element, a peak gain of 3.64 dBi is observed with an antenna efficiency of >90%. The isolation of >10 dB between antenna elements is achieved for the MIMO configuration. Furthermore, the MIMO antenna designed provides enough radiation coverage to support different sides of the mobile phone board, which is an important feature for future 5G-enabled handsets. In addition, the impacts of human hands and heads on MIMO antenna performance are investigated, and acceptable performance in the data and conversation modes is observed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/8/3746uni-planarMIMOsub-6 GHzpattern diversity |
| spellingShingle | Umair Rafique Suleman Khan Muhammad Mansoor Ahmed Saad Hassan Kiani Syed Muzahir Abbas Sohail Imran Saeed Mohammad Alibakhshikenari Mariana Dalarsson Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications Applied Sciences uni-planar MIMO sub-6 GHz pattern diversity |
| title | Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications |
| title_full | Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications |
| title_fullStr | Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications |
| title_short | Uni-Planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications |
| title_sort | uni planar mimo antenna for sub 6 ghz 5g mobile phone applications |
| topic | uni-planar MIMO sub-6 GHz pattern diversity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/8/3746 |
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