Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivo
Background: Although antibiotics are used to treat typhoid fever, there is a need to look for alternative treatment methods because Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) has become aggressively resistant to standard antibiotic treatments. Methods: This experimental study used the carbonated beverage "7UP...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Microbes and Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_285078_822fd9bdb10687c066f1f13941e755f4.pdf |
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| author | Tolulope Emoruwa Funmilola Omoya AYOKUNLE OKEWALE Michael Elabiyi |
| author_facet | Tolulope Emoruwa Funmilola Omoya AYOKUNLE OKEWALE Michael Elabiyi |
| author_sort | Tolulope Emoruwa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Although antibiotics are used to treat typhoid fever, there is a need to look for alternative treatment methods because Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) has become aggressively resistant to standard antibiotic treatments. Methods: This experimental study used the carbonated beverage "7UP" as the extraction solvent to examine the anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extract on Salmonella typhi.Extraction of bioactive components of the plant leaf, in-vitro and in-vivo anti-Salmonella activity of the extract was carried out using essential microbiological tools. Results: In vitro, anti-Salmonella typhi study showed that ciprofloxacin had the highest zone of inhibition 36.71+0.31 and 36.14+0.10mm against typed (ATCC 14028) and clinical isolates, respectively, while the zones of inhibition of the extract at different concentrations against Salmonella typhi were zero, however, the diameter of zone of inhibition (ZOI) of section at 800 mg/ml was 1.42+0.33 and 1.21+0.01mm against clinical and typed isolates respectively. At larger (3500 mg/ml/kg) and lower (10 mg/ml/kg) doses, there was no death in experimental rats during the acute toxicity assessment. After three days of therapy, the extract reduced salmonella fecal shedding from 71.14±0.31 to 6.02±0.17 × 103 Cfu/g and guaranteed 100% survival against experimental salmonellosis. Different functional groups in the extract, including alkene, anhydride, alcohol, sulfate, nitro compounds, alkanes, and a carboxylic acid, were observed. Conclusions: The use of ‘7UP’ as an extraction solvent for medicinal plants in our community for treating diverse medical ailments, especially infectious diseases, is justified. However, it could pose a toxicological effect. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:15:03Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2682-4132 2682-4140 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:15:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbes and Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ebb15fd0758426e9fc01540d715b50a2023-08-11T15:20:52ZengZagazig University, Faculty of MedicineMicrobes and Infectious Diseases2682-41322682-41402023-08-01431022104010.21608/mid.2023.174718.1411285078Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivoTolulope Emoruwa0Funmilola Omoya1AYOKUNLE OKEWALE2Michael Elabiyi3Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.Background: Although antibiotics are used to treat typhoid fever, there is a need to look for alternative treatment methods because Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) has become aggressively resistant to standard antibiotic treatments. Methods: This experimental study used the carbonated beverage "7UP" as the extraction solvent to examine the anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extract on Salmonella typhi.Extraction of bioactive components of the plant leaf, in-vitro and in-vivo anti-Salmonella activity of the extract was carried out using essential microbiological tools. Results: In vitro, anti-Salmonella typhi study showed that ciprofloxacin had the highest zone of inhibition 36.71+0.31 and 36.14+0.10mm against typed (ATCC 14028) and clinical isolates, respectively, while the zones of inhibition of the extract at different concentrations against Salmonella typhi were zero, however, the diameter of zone of inhibition (ZOI) of section at 800 mg/ml was 1.42+0.33 and 1.21+0.01mm against clinical and typed isolates respectively. At larger (3500 mg/ml/kg) and lower (10 mg/ml/kg) doses, there was no death in experimental rats during the acute toxicity assessment. After three days of therapy, the extract reduced salmonella fecal shedding from 71.14±0.31 to 6.02±0.17 × 103 Cfu/g and guaranteed 100% survival against experimental salmonellosis. Different functional groups in the extract, including alkene, anhydride, alcohol, sulfate, nitro compounds, alkanes, and a carboxylic acid, were observed. Conclusions: The use of ‘7UP’ as an extraction solvent for medicinal plants in our community for treating diverse medical ailments, especially infectious diseases, is justified. However, it could pose a toxicological effect.https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_285078_822fd9bdb10687c066f1f13941e755f4.pdfantibiotic resistancegossypium hirsutum’ carbonated drink’salmonella typhizone of inhibition |
| spellingShingle | Tolulope Emoruwa Funmilola Omoya AYOKUNLE OKEWALE Michael Elabiyi Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivo Microbes and Infectious Diseases antibiotic resistance gossypium hirsutum ’ carbonated drink’ salmonella typhi zone of inhibition |
| title | Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivo |
| title_full | Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivo |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivo |
| title_short | Anti-Salmonella activity of Gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in-vivo |
| title_sort | anti salmonella activity of gossypium hirsutum leaf extracted with carbonated drink and its toxicological evaluation in vivo |
| topic | antibiotic resistance gossypium hirsutum ’ carbonated drink’ salmonella typhi zone of inhibition |
| url | https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_285078_822fd9bdb10687c066f1f13941e755f4.pdf |
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