Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor Cells
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a rare tumor cell subpopulation induced and selected by the tumor microenvironment’s extreme conditions. Under hypoxia and starvation, these aggressive and invasive cells are able to invade the lymphatic and circulatory systems. Escaping from the primary tumor, CTC...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9592 |
| _version_ | 1797544481524809728 |
|---|---|
| author | Walter Tinganelli Marco Durante |
| author_facet | Walter Tinganelli Marco Durante |
| author_sort | Walter Tinganelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a rare tumor cell subpopulation induced and selected by the tumor microenvironment’s extreme conditions. Under hypoxia and starvation, these aggressive and invasive cells are able to invade the lymphatic and circulatory systems. Escaping from the primary tumor, CTCs enter into the bloodstream to form metastatic deposits or re-establish themselves in cancer’s primary site. Although radiotherapy is widely used to cure solid malignancies, it can promote metastasis. Radiation can disrupt the primary tumor vasculature, increasing the dissemination of CTCs. Radiation also induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and eliminates suppressive signaling, causing the proliferation of existent, but previously dormant, disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). In this review, we collect the results and evidence underlying the molecular mechanisms of CTCs and DTCs and the effects of radiation and hypoxia in developing these cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:01:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ecb04dbb28c4c869fb3c5c292c604d4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:01:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ecb04dbb28c4c869fb3c5c292c604d42023-11-21T01:06:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-12-012124959210.3390/ijms21249592Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor CellsWalter Tinganelli0Marco Durante1Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, GermanyBiophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, GermanyCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are a rare tumor cell subpopulation induced and selected by the tumor microenvironment’s extreme conditions. Under hypoxia and starvation, these aggressive and invasive cells are able to invade the lymphatic and circulatory systems. Escaping from the primary tumor, CTCs enter into the bloodstream to form metastatic deposits or re-establish themselves in cancer’s primary site. Although radiotherapy is widely used to cure solid malignancies, it can promote metastasis. Radiation can disrupt the primary tumor vasculature, increasing the dissemination of CTCs. Radiation also induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and eliminates suppressive signaling, causing the proliferation of existent, but previously dormant, disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). In this review, we collect the results and evidence underlying the molecular mechanisms of CTCs and DTCs and the effects of radiation and hypoxia in developing these cells.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9592CTCsDTCsEMTmetastasisinvasionmigration |
| spellingShingle | Walter Tinganelli Marco Durante Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences CTCs DTCs EMT metastasis invasion migration |
| title | Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor Cells |
| title_full | Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor Cells |
| title_fullStr | Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor Cells |
| title_short | Tumor Hypoxia and Circulating Tumor Cells |
| title_sort | tumor hypoxia and circulating tumor cells |
| topic | CTCs DTCs EMT metastasis invasion migration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9592 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT waltertinganelli tumorhypoxiaandcirculatingtumorcells AT marcodurante tumorhypoxiaandcirculatingtumorcells |