Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions
Abstract This study aims to optimize the extraction conditions to obtain the highest yield, to characterize tomato peel extract (TPE) under optimized conditions, and also to determine the effect of ambient oxygen on the properties of TPE. Optimisation were performed at three temperatures (60 °C, 80...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Academia Brasileira de Ciências
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652023000201704&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1797733698130411520 |
|---|---|
| author | ERİNÇ KOÇAK OZLEM K. ESMER ASLI SAHINER |
| author_facet | ERİNÇ KOÇAK OZLEM K. ESMER ASLI SAHINER |
| author_sort | ERİNÇ KOÇAK |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study aims to optimize the extraction conditions to obtain the highest yield, to characterize tomato peel extract (TPE) under optimized conditions, and also to determine the effect of ambient oxygen on the properties of TPE. Optimisation were performed at three temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C, 100 °C) and three periods (2, 4, 6 h) by the response surface methodology. The properties of the extract under atmospheric and oxygen-free conditions (AC, OFC) were analysed to determine whether the characteristics of both extracts changed depending on the presence of oxygen; moreover, the morphological, chemical, thermal, biochemical, and antimicrobial properties were analysed. The maximum yield was 31.3% at 100 °C/6 h. A quadratic model was used to create the best fit. Both TPE samples exhibited similar morphological structure, similar weight losses at three stages of TGA curve, similar band assignments in FTIR spectra. GC-MS analysis showed that both samples mainly consisted of cutin in abundance of 70.45% and 68.14% for AC and OFC, respectively. OFC had higher total phenolic content possibly depending on the absence of oxygen. AC and OFC extracts exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, and A. brasiliensis with a MIC value of 100 μg TPE/ mL. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:33:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7eccfa874e3a476cb733c51045fc0643 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-2690 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:33:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
| spelling | doaj.art-7eccfa874e3a476cb733c51045fc06432023-08-29T07:40:34ZengAcademia Brasileira de CiênciasAnais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências1678-26902023-08-0195suppl 110.1590/0001-3765202320220077Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditionsERİNÇ KOÇAKhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-4703OZLEM K. ESMERhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4652-0514ASLI SAHINERhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-9461Abstract This study aims to optimize the extraction conditions to obtain the highest yield, to characterize tomato peel extract (TPE) under optimized conditions, and also to determine the effect of ambient oxygen on the properties of TPE. Optimisation were performed at three temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C, 100 °C) and three periods (2, 4, 6 h) by the response surface methodology. The properties of the extract under atmospheric and oxygen-free conditions (AC, OFC) were analysed to determine whether the characteristics of both extracts changed depending on the presence of oxygen; moreover, the morphological, chemical, thermal, biochemical, and antimicrobial properties were analysed. The maximum yield was 31.3% at 100 °C/6 h. A quadratic model was used to create the best fit. Both TPE samples exhibited similar morphological structure, similar weight losses at three stages of TGA curve, similar band assignments in FTIR spectra. GC-MS analysis showed that both samples mainly consisted of cutin in abundance of 70.45% and 68.14% for AC and OFC, respectively. OFC had higher total phenolic content possibly depending on the absence of oxygen. AC and OFC extracts exhibited substantial antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, and A. brasiliensis with a MIC value of 100 μg TPE/ mL.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652023000201704&tlng=enAlkaline extractioncharacterizationoptimizationresponse surface methodologytomato industry wastestomato peels |
| spellingShingle | ERİNÇ KOÇAK OZLEM K. ESMER ASLI SAHINER Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências Alkaline extraction characterization optimization response surface methodology tomato industry wastes tomato peels |
| title | Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions |
| title_full | Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions |
| title_short | Optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions |
| title_sort | optimization of the conditions of alkaline extraction of tomato peels and characterization of tomato peel extracts obtained under atmospheric and oxygen free conditions |
| topic | Alkaline extraction characterization optimization response surface methodology tomato industry wastes tomato peels |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652023000201704&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT erinckocak optimizationoftheconditionsofalkalineextractionoftomatopeelsandcharacterizationoftomatopeelextractsobtainedunderatmosphericandoxygenfreeconditions AT ozlemkesmer optimizationoftheconditionsofalkalineextractionoftomatopeelsandcharacterizationoftomatopeelextractsobtainedunderatmosphericandoxygenfreeconditions AT aslisahiner optimizationoftheconditionsofalkalineextractionoftomatopeelsandcharacterizationoftomatopeelextractsobtainedunderatmosphericandoxygenfreeconditions |