Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review
We reviewed the evidence on features of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in trichinellosis, systematically searching five databases (to January 2021). We categorized clinical features based on their diagnostic value as warning signs for severe CNS infection (with outcome death) or non-specif...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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Series: | Diagnostics |
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/6/945 |
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author | Elena Cecilia Rosca Raluca Tudor Amalia Cornea Mihaela Simu |
author_facet | Elena Cecilia Rosca Raluca Tudor Amalia Cornea Mihaela Simu |
author_sort | Elena Cecilia Rosca |
collection | DOAJ |
description | We reviewed the evidence on features of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in trichinellosis, systematically searching five databases (to January 2021). We categorized clinical features based on their diagnostic value as warning signs for severe CNS infection (with outcome death) or non-specific signs (outcome improvement). They were suggestive of severe infection if they substantially raised death probability. The review included 87 papers published from 1906 through 2019, with data on 168 patients. Mydriasis, paraparesis, dysphagia, psychomotor seizures, or delirium present a 30–45% increased death likelihood. The best poor prognosis predictor is mydriasis (positive likelihood ratio 9.08). Slow/absent light reflex, diminished/absent knee reflexes, globally decreased tendon reflexes present a moderate increase (20–25%) of death risk. Anisocoria, acalculia, or seizures could also indicate an increased death risk. We provided a detailed presentation of clinical and paraclinical signs that alert physicians of a possible neurotrichinellosis, emphasizing signs that might indicate a poor prognosis. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:03:33Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-7ede1c9737b64ba99630efce17b9d88f |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2075-4418 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:03:33Z |
publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | Diagnostics |
spelling | doaj.art-7ede1c9737b64ba99630efce17b9d88f2023-11-21T21:20:34ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182021-05-0111694510.3390/diagnostics11060945Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic ReviewElena Cecilia Rosca0Raluca Tudor1Amalia Cornea2Mihaela Simu3Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaVictor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaVictor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaVictor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaWe reviewed the evidence on features of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in trichinellosis, systematically searching five databases (to January 2021). We categorized clinical features based on their diagnostic value as warning signs for severe CNS infection (with outcome death) or non-specific signs (outcome improvement). They were suggestive of severe infection if they substantially raised death probability. The review included 87 papers published from 1906 through 2019, with data on 168 patients. Mydriasis, paraparesis, dysphagia, psychomotor seizures, or delirium present a 30–45% increased death likelihood. The best poor prognosis predictor is mydriasis (positive likelihood ratio 9.08). Slow/absent light reflex, diminished/absent knee reflexes, globally decreased tendon reflexes present a moderate increase (20–25%) of death risk. Anisocoria, acalculia, or seizures could also indicate an increased death risk. We provided a detailed presentation of clinical and paraclinical signs that alert physicians of a possible neurotrichinellosis, emphasizing signs that might indicate a poor prognosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/6/945<i>Trichinella</i>central nervous systemencephalitismeningitissystematic review |
spellingShingle | Elena Cecilia Rosca Raluca Tudor Amalia Cornea Mihaela Simu Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review Diagnostics <i>Trichinella</i> central nervous system encephalitis meningitis systematic review |
title | Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review |
title_full | Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr | Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review |
title_short | Central Nervous System Involvement in Trichinellosis: A Systematic Review |
title_sort | central nervous system involvement in trichinellosis a systematic review |
topic | <i>Trichinella</i> central nervous system encephalitis meningitis systematic review |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/6/945 |
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