Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production
Arthritogenic alphavirus infections often result in debilitating musculoskeletal disorders that affect the joints, muscle, and bone. In order to evaluate the infection profile of primary human skeletal muscle and chondrocyte cells to Ross River virus (RRV) in vitro, cells were infected at a multipli...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/2/86 |
| _version_ | 1818991999971229696 |
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| author | Elisa X. Y. Lim Aroon Supramaniam Hayman Lui Peta Coles Wai Suet Lee Xiang Liu Penny A. Rudd Lara J. Herrero |
| author_facet | Elisa X. Y. Lim Aroon Supramaniam Hayman Lui Peta Coles Wai Suet Lee Xiang Liu Penny A. Rudd Lara J. Herrero |
| author_sort | Elisa X. Y. Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arthritogenic alphavirus infections often result in debilitating musculoskeletal disorders that affect the joints, muscle, and bone. In order to evaluate the infection profile of primary human skeletal muscle and chondrocyte cells to Ross River virus (RRV) in vitro, cells were infected at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 over a period of two days. Viral titers were determined by plaque assay and cytokine expression by Bio-Plex® assays using the supernatants harvested. Gene expression studies were conducted using total RNA isolated from cells. Firstly, we show that RRV RNA is detected in chondrocytes from infected mice in vivo. Both human primary skeletal muscle and chondrocyte cells are able to support productive RRV infection in vitro. We also report the production of soluble host factors including the upregulation of heparanase (HPSE) and inflammatory host factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which are also present during clinical disease in humans. Our study is the first to demonstrate that human chondrocyte cells are permissive to RRV infection, support the production of infectious virus, and produce soluble factors including HPSE, which may contribute to joint degradation and the pathogenesis of disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:19:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ee38f3eb9b74599a86ebf0cad423d39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:19:12Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ee38f3eb9b74599a86ebf0cad423d392022-12-21T19:27:37ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152018-02-011028610.3390/v10020086v10020086Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor ProductionElisa X. Y. Lim0Aroon Supramaniam1Hayman Lui2Peta Coles3Wai Suet Lee4Xiang Liu5Penny A. Rudd6Lara J. Herrero7Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaInstitute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaInstitute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaInstitute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaInstitute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaInstitute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaInstitute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaInstitute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, AustraliaArthritogenic alphavirus infections often result in debilitating musculoskeletal disorders that affect the joints, muscle, and bone. In order to evaluate the infection profile of primary human skeletal muscle and chondrocyte cells to Ross River virus (RRV) in vitro, cells were infected at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 over a period of two days. Viral titers were determined by plaque assay and cytokine expression by Bio-Plex® assays using the supernatants harvested. Gene expression studies were conducted using total RNA isolated from cells. Firstly, we show that RRV RNA is detected in chondrocytes from infected mice in vivo. Both human primary skeletal muscle and chondrocyte cells are able to support productive RRV infection in vitro. We also report the production of soluble host factors including the upregulation of heparanase (HPSE) and inflammatory host factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which are also present during clinical disease in humans. Our study is the first to demonstrate that human chondrocyte cells are permissive to RRV infection, support the production of infectious virus, and produce soluble factors including HPSE, which may contribute to joint degradation and the pathogenesis of disease.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/2/86cartilage degradationviral arthritisinflammatory disease |
| spellingShingle | Elisa X. Y. Lim Aroon Supramaniam Hayman Lui Peta Coles Wai Suet Lee Xiang Liu Penny A. Rudd Lara J. Herrero Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production Viruses cartilage degradation viral arthritis inflammatory disease |
| title | Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production |
| title_full | Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production |
| title_fullStr | Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production |
| title_short | Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production |
| title_sort | chondrocytes contribute to alphaviral disease pathogenesis as a source of virus replication and soluble factor production |
| topic | cartilage degradation viral arthritis inflammatory disease |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/2/86 |
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